📰 2026年3月 のニュース / March 2026 (全95件)
2026年3月(March 2026)に発表された基礎物理学の最新ニュースと研究解説。Recent physics news and research explanations published in March 2026.
📅 2026年3月 / March 2026
出典について / About our sources
各項目は可能な限り査読論文の一次ソース(DOI・arXiv 番号)にリンクしています。学会速報・実験マイルストーン・機関報告書など、査読論文が刊行されていない項目については、その旨を出典欄に明記しています。
Each item links to the primary peer-reviewed source (DOI or arXiv ID) wherever one exists. Where an item reports a conference result, an experimental milestone or an institutional report with no published paper, this is stated explicitly in the source line.
Fibre-based quantum networks have a structural problem: photon loss grows exponentially with distance, so the time needed to establish entanglement between two remote quantum memories grows too. Past long-distance demonstrations all sat on the wrong side of a critical threshold — the entangled state decohered faster than a new one could be created and purified. Below that threshold, quantum repeaters cannot be chained, and scalable networks remain out of reach.
Wen-Zhao Liu, Ya-Bin Zhou, Jiu-Peng Chen and colleagues in Jian-Wei Pan's group at the University of Science and Technology of China demonstrated memory–memory entanglement between two nodes connected by 10 km of spooled fibre that survives beyond the average time needed to establish it. Long-lived trapped-ion memories, an efficient telecom interface and a high-visibility single-photon entanglement protocol together push the system past that break-even point — the condition entanglement swapping and purification must satisfy to be concatenated across successive network segments.
As an application the authors report a proof-of-principle device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD) demonstration: finite-size analysis over 10 km, and a positive key rate over 101 km in the asymptotic limit, both exceeding previous work by more than two orders of magnitude. Note that the 101 km figure refers to the asymptotic DI-QKD key rate, not to a distance over which entanglement was distributed. In an accompanying News & Views, Ronald Hanson and Tracy Northup describe the result as a critical building block for scalable quantum repeaters.
Coverage / 報道: Hanson, R. & Northup, T., "Long-distance quantum link generates entanglement faster than it is lost," Nature News & Views(2026年3月25日)
※ 本項の日付は上記News & Viewsの掲載日(2026年3月25日)に合わせています。原論文のオンライン公開は2026年2月2日です。
Related keywords: quantum repeater, 量子中継器, quantum network, 量子ネットワーク, trapped ion, イオントラップ, remote entanglement, 遠隔もつれ, entanglement swapping, もつれ交換, entanglement purification, もつれ純化, quantum memory, 量子メモリ, telecom fibre, 通信用光ファイバー, quantum frequency conversion, 量子周波数変換, device-independent QKD, デバイス非依存量子鍵配送, DI-QKD, decoherence, デコヒーレンス, break-even, 損益分岐点, Jian-Wei Pan, 潘建偉, USTC, 中国科学技術大学, Ronald Hanson, Tracy Northup, Nature
Every atomic clock in use today counts oscillations of electrons moving between energy levels in an atomic shell. A nuclear clock would instead count a transition inside the nucleus itself. Because the nucleus is roughly five orders of magnitude smaller than the electron cloud and is heavily screened by it, such a clock would be far less sensitive to stray electric and magnetic fields — and, more interestingly, its ticking rate would depend on nuclear properties that are sensitive to any drift in the fine-structure constant or to couplings with ultralight dark matter.
The obstacle has always been that essentially all nuclear transitions sit at energies far beyond laser reach. The single known exception is thorium-229, whose first excited state lies only about 8 eV above the ground state — within range of vacuum-ultraviolet lasers. Nature reported that after decades of incremental work on measuring and then directly driving this transition, working nuclear clocks could be put to the test as soon as this year, making thorium-229 a realistic platform for precision tests of fundamental physics rather than a long-term aspiration.
Related keywords: nuclear clock, 原子核時計, thorium-229, トリウム229, isomer, 核異性体, VUV laser, 真空紫外レーザー, optical clock, 光格子時計, atomic clock, 原子時計, fine-structure constant, 微細構造定数, variation of constants, 物理定数の変動, ultralight dark matter, 超軽量ダークマター, frequency metrology, 周波数計測, precision measurement, 精密測定, Nature
On 16 March 2026, as part of an ongoing national science and technology strategy, the UK government announced £2 billion (about US$2.66 billion) for quantum-computing development and £2.5 billion for nuclear-fusion energy, framed as a bid to secure technological and energy independence and to nurture homegrown scientific talent. The fusion money funds construction of the STEP prototype plant (Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production) at the former West Burton power-station site in Nottinghamshire. Officials say the quantum investment will make the UK the first country to roll out large-scale use of quantum computers, and the fastest in the G7 to adopt artificial intelligence.
David Adam's report for Nature records that the announcement was broadly welcomed by the research community, but that some argue longer-term commitments and more money would be needed for Britain to overtake its competitors. Others note that the funding represents less an increase in ambition than what is necessary merely to maintain existing capabilities, given how Brexit disrupted UK science funding and access to joint European projects — the UK withdrew from ITER, the international fusion reactor being built in France. Tony Roulstone, a nuclear-power researcher at the University of Cambridge, told Nature that Brexit is where one has to start in order to understand the current situation. Read alongside the Institute of Physics interview published five days earlier, also in this archive, the picture is of money flowing into two designated priority areas while particle physics, astronomy and nuclear physics face cuts.
Related keywords: UK science policy, 英国科学政策, fusion energy, 核融合エネルギー, STEP, 球状トカマク, spherical tokamak, West Burton, quantum technology, 量子技術, research funding, 研究資金, Institute of Physics, 英国物理学会, science budget, 科学予算, Brexit, ブレグジット, ITER, 国際熱核融合実験炉, UKAEA, Tony Roulstone, David Adam, Nature
Contact electrification — rubbing two things together and getting a charge — is one of the oldest recorded physical phenomena and one of the least understood. A particularly stubborn version of the puzzle is that two pieces of the same material, which by symmetry should exchange no net charge at all, reliably do exchange charge in practice. Symmetry has to be broken by something, and for decades nobody could say what.
Galien Grosjean, Markus Ostermann and Scott Waitukaitis measured charge exchange between a sphere and a plate made of identical amorphous silicon dioxide, and showed that adventitious carbon — the thin, essentially unavoidable layer of carbonaceous contamination that any surface picks up from air — is the symmetry-breaking agent. Crucially, they could control the sign of the charging by baking or plasma-treating the surfaces, which manipulates that carbon layer. This turns an uncontrolled nuisance variable into a designable parameter, with implications for powder handling, pharmaceutical manufacturing and dust explosion risk. Nature ran the paper alongside a News Feature, an Editorial and a video on the topic in the same month.
Coverage / 報道: Ahart, J., Nature News Feature(2026年3月18日) | Nature 社説(2026年3月18日)
Related keywords: contact electrification, 接触帯電, triboelectricity, 摩擦帯電, static electricity, 静電気, adventitious carbon, 付着炭素, surface contamination, 表面汚染, symmetry breaking, 対称性の破れ, silicon dioxide, 二酸化ケイ素, amorphous silica, アモルファスシリカ, plasma treatment, プラズマ処理, triboelectric series, 帯電列, powder handling, 粉体ハンドリング, dust explosion, 粉塵爆発, Scott Waitukaitis, Nature
The radical-pair mechanism is the leading candidate explanation for magnetoreception in migratory birds: light creates a pair of radicals whose electron spins are correlated, the singlet–triplet interconversion of that pair depends on the ambient magnetic field, and the resulting chemistry differs accordingly. The mechanism is well established in vitro. Demonstrating that the same spin physics can be reached and steered inside a living organism is a much harder problem, and until now the field has largely argued from indirect behavioural evidence.
Shaun C. Burd, Nahal Bagheri and Mark Kasevich's team showed magnetic resonance control of spin-correlated radical pair dynamics in vivo, using transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans expressing a red fluorescent protein. Applying resonant radiofrequency fields altered the protein's emission — a direct optical readout that the spin state of the radical pair, and therefore the reaction pathway, was being manipulated inside the animal. The significance is methodological as much as biological: it establishes magnetic resonance as a tool for interrogating spin-dependent chemistry in living systems, which is exactly what tests of avian magnetoreception and of proposed spin effects in neuroscience have lacked.
Related keywords: quantum biology, 量子生物学, radical pair mechanism, ラジカル対機構, magnetoreception, 磁気受容, spin chemistry, スピン化学, singlet-triplet, 一重項三重項, electron spin, 電子スピン, magnetic resonance, 磁気共鳴, in vivo, 生体内, Caenorhabditis elegans, 線虫, red fluorescent protein, 赤色蛍光タンパク質, cryptochrome, クリプトクロム, Mark Kasevich, Nature
Monolayer TaIrTe4 is unusual among two-dimensional materials in hosting a dual quantum spin Hall phase — topologically protected helical edge conduction appearing at more than one filling. It also forms a superlattice, and the interplay between that structural order and the topological electronic order is what makes the material interesting as a switchable platform rather than a fixed one.
Jian Tang, Thomas Siyuan Ding and Qiong Ma's group observed bistable superlattice switching in monolayer TaIrTe4: the system flips between two lattice configurations whose periodicities are sharply different, and each configuration is separately stable. Bistability of this kind — two robust structural states in a material that also carries topologically protected edge channels — is the ingredient a non-volatile topological memory or switch would need, since the stored state persists without power while the electronic transport properties differ between configurations. Published in Nature.
Related keywords: TaIrTe4, quantum spin Hall insulator, 量子スピンホール絶縁体, dual QSH, topological insulator, トポロジカル絶縁体, helical edge state, ヘリカル端状態, superlattice, 超格子, lattice periodicity, 格子周期, bistability, 双安定性, structural switching, 構造スイッチング, monolayer, 単層, van der Waals material, ファンデルワールス物質, non-volatile memory, 不揮発性メモリ, Qiong Ma, Nature
A self-bound droplet is a gas that holds itself together with no trap at all: attractive interactions would normally collapse it, but quantum fluctuations supply a stabilizing repulsion, and the balance leaves a finite-density liquid floating in vacuum. Until now this state had been realized with magnetic atoms such as dysprosium and erbium, whose dipole moments are modest, and with two-component Bose mixtures.
Siwei Zhang, Weijun Yuan and Sebastian Will's group observed self-bound droplets and droplet arrays in an ultracold gas of sodium–caesium (NaCs) molecules. Polar molecules carry electric dipole moments orders of magnitude stronger in their interaction energy than magnetic atomic dipoles, which places the system deep in the strongly dipolar regime rather than at its edge. That opens access to dipolar supersolidity, self-organized crystalline arrays and roton physics with interaction strengths that atomic platforms cannot reach, and establishes ultracold molecules as a genuine platform for strongly dipolar quantum matter rather than a promising candidate. Published in Nature.
Related keywords: ultracold molecules, 極低温分子, polar molecule, 極性分子, NaCs, sodium caesium, self-bound droplet, 自己束縛液滴, quantum droplet, 量子液滴, dipolar interaction, 双極子相互作用, quantum fluctuation, 量子ゆらぎ, Lee-Huang-Yang correction, LHY補正, supersolid, 超固体, roton, ロトン, Bose-Einstein condensate, ボース・アインシュタイン凝縮, Sebastian Will, Nature
Nature Physics marked the fiftieth anniversary of the theoretical proposal behind the free-electron laser with an editorial surveying what the device became. Unlike a conventional laser, an FEL has no bound-state gain medium: relativistic electrons are driven through a periodic magnetic undulator and radiate coherently, so the wavelength is set by electron energy and undulator geometry rather than by an atomic transition. That is what makes the machine continuously tunable across a range no other coherent source spans, from millimetre waves to hard X-rays.
The practical consequence is that FELs deliver femtosecond pulses at sub-nanometre wavelengths simultaneously — the combination needed to resolve atomic positions and atomic-scale motion at the same time. The March 2026 issue itself illustrates the point: it carries all-hard-X-ray transient grating spectroscopy resolving phonon transport at nanometre length scales, a measurement that requires exactly this pairing of short wavelength and short pulse. Serial femtosecond crystallography of radiation-sensitive proteins, warm-dense-matter studies and nonlinear X-ray optics all rest on the same capability.
Source / 出典: "The future is bright," Nature Physics 22(3) (Editorial, 16 March 2026). DOI: 10.1038/s41567-026-03233-3
Related keywords: free-electron laser, 自由電子レーザー, FEL, XFEL, X線自由電子レーザー, undulator, アンジュレータ, synchrotron radiation, シンクロトロン放射, femtosecond pulse, フェムト秒パルス, SACLA, LCLS, European XFEL, serial femtosecond crystallography, 逐次フェムト秒結晶構造解析, warm dense matter, 高温高密度物質, nonlinear X-ray optics, 非線形X線光学, coherent light source, コヒーレント光源, Nature Physics
Standard measures of entanglement are defined in the asymptotic limit, meaning they involve optimizing over many identical copies of a quantum state at once. That definition is natural from an information-theoretic standpoint and disastrous from a computational one: the resulting expressions are regularized quantities that generally cannot be evaluated, which has limited how far entanglement theory can be applied to concrete states.
Ludovico Lami, Mario Berta and Bartosz Regula proved an asymptotic measure of entanglement that requires access to only a single copy of the state. The route runs through quantum hypothesis testing: a new result in quantum state discrimination lets the multi-copy optimization be replaced by the quantum relative entropy of one state. The accompanying Nature Physics Research Briefing frames the shift as one of perspective rather than of approximation — the simpler formula is not a bound or an estimate but an exact asymptotic quantity, which is what makes it usable for detecting and extracting entanglement in practice.
Coverage / 報道: Nature Physics Research Briefing(2026年3月13日)
Related keywords: entanglement measure, もつれ尺度, entanglement quantification, もつれ定量化, quantum relative entropy, 量子相対エントロピー, regularization, 正則化, asymptotic limit, 漸近極限, quantum hypothesis testing, 量子仮説検定, state discrimination, 状態識別, entanglement distillation, もつれ蒸留, quantum information theory, 量子情報理論, single copy, 単一コピー, Ludovico Lami, Bartosz Regula, Nature Physics
In a dense polymer melt or concentrated solution, a chain cannot move sideways because neighbouring chains are in the way. De Gennes's reptation picture captures this: the chain is effectively confined to a tube and can only slide along its own contour, which is why relaxation times in entangled polymers scale so steeply with chain length. The tube is a passive constraint, and escaping it is slow.
Nature highlighted work showing that when an enzyme injects energy into such a system, tightly packed molecular chains begin to wiggle in many directions rather than only along the tube axis. Adding an active, energy-consuming element changes the character of the constraint itself, so the system no longer relaxes on reptation timescales. This sits in the growing area of active polymer physics, where chromatin remodelling in the nucleus and enzyme-driven cytoplasmic fluidization are the biological cases of interest: DNA in a cell nucleus is an extremely entangled polymer that nonetheless rearranges far faster than passive reptation would allow.
Related keywords: polymer physics, 高分子物理, reptation, レプテーション, 爬行運動, de Gennes, ド・ジャンヌ, entangled polymer, 絡み合い高分子, tube model, 管模型, active matter, アクティブマター, enzyme, 酵素, non-equilibrium, 非平衡, chromatin, クロマチン, DNA, viscoelasticity, 粘弾性, molecular dynamics, 分子動力学, Nature
Measurement-based quantum computation inverts the usual picture of a quantum computer. Instead of applying a sequence of gates to an initialized register, one prepares a large, highly entangled resource state up front — a cluster state — and then runs the algorithm purely by choosing measurement bases, feeding each outcome forward to adapt the next measurement. Gate depth is traded for entanglement prepared in advance, which suits hardware where entangling operations are the expensive step.
Tao Jiang, Jianbin Cai and Jian-Wei Pan's group prepared both one-dimensional and two-dimensional cluster states on a superconducting quantum processor and used them for two distinct purposes: simulating topological phases, and executing measurement-based quantum computation. The two-dimensional case matters because 1D cluster states are not universal for MBQC while 2D ones are, so demonstrating the 2D resource on superconducting hardware is what makes the paradigm more than a pedagogical example on that platform. Published in Nature Physics.
Related keywords: cluster state, クラスター状態, measurement-based quantum computation, 測定型量子計算, MBQC, one-way quantum computer, 一方向量子計算機, graph state, グラフ状態, superconducting qubit, 超伝導量子ビット, topological phase, トポロジカル相, quantum simulation, 量子シミュレーション, entanglement resource, もつれ資源, adaptive measurement, 適応測定, Jian-Wei Pan, 潘建偉, Nature Physics
Five days before the UK government's fusion and quantum announcement, Nature published a Q&A with Paul Howarth, the nuclear physicist who took office as president of the Institute of Physics (IoP) on 3 March 2026. The context: UK Research and Innovation, the country's largest research funder, has suspended some grant-review processes in medicine, biosciences, engineering and the physical sciences, and is ending or cutting investment in particle physics, astronomy and nuclear physics — partly because the government wants UKRI to prioritize research that generates economic growth.
Howarth told Nature that the burden falls disproportionately on those three fields, known collectively as PPAN, which face cuts of around 30%. The largest planned reductions are at the Science and Technology Facilities Council, the arm of UKRI that funds UK participation in international projects such as CERN; the UK is considering withdrawing from funding the LHCb beam pipe. He called for constructive dialogue with government rather than confrontation, while warning that the country risks losing the next generation of scientists. By August 2026 Nature was reporting terminated funding for projects including a future CERN experiment and the Lovell Telescope at Jodrell Bank.
Related keywords: Institute of Physics, 英国物理学会, IOP, Paul Howarth, research funding cuts, 研究費削減, UK physics, 英国物理学, UKRI, UK Research and Innovation, STFC, 科学技術施設会議, PPAN, LHCb, brain drain, 頭脳流出, science policy, 科学政策, Jodrell Bank, ジョドレルバンク, Lovell Telescope, CERN, Nature
Fatigue failure — a material losing rigidity after repeated stress well below its single-load strength — is behind an enormous fraction of real engineering failures, and it is notoriously hard to predict. Empirical S–N curves fit data but do not explain the mechanism, and in amorphous solids there are no dislocations or grain boundaries to serve as the obvious carriers of accumulated damage.
Swarnendu Maity, Himangsu Bhaumik and Srikanth Sastry simulated model glasses under cyclic shear and found that failure times show a power-law divergence and depend strongly on how well the glass was annealed before loading. A companion News & Views by David Richard frames the mechanism as damage percolation: microscopic damage accumulates until a connected cluster spans the sample, at which point rigidity is lost — the same abrupt, geometry-driven transition familiar from percolation theory. The practical payoff is that failure appears to be predictable from energy dissipation measured in the early cycles, before any visible crack, which is exactly the diagnostic a non-destructive test would want.
Coverage / 報道: Richard, D., "When percolation triggers fatigue," Nature Physics News & Views(2026年3月10日)
Related keywords: fatigue failure, 疲労破壊, amorphous solid, アモルファス固体, glass, ガラス, cyclic shear, 周期的せん断, damage percolation, 損傷パーコレーション, percolation theory, パーコレーション理論, yielding transition, 降伏転移, annealing, アニール, 焼きなまし, shear transformation zone, せん断変態帯, energy dissipation, エネルギー散逸, power law divergence, べき乗則発散, metallic glass, 金属ガラス, Srikanth Sastry, Nature Physics
Grain boundaries govern strength, creep and electrical resistance in essentially every polycrystalline material, and their migration is what drives recrystallization and grain growth during annealing. The dynamics have resisted a unified description because two different pictures compete: a continuum view in which the boundary moves under curvature-driven pressure, and an atomistic view in which individual atoms shuffle and dislocations glide along the interface. Neither has reliably predicted the other's observables.
Berend van der Meer, Mathieu G. Baltussen and Roel P. A. Dullens present a general framework that predicts the microscopic dynamics of both particles and dislocations underlying grain-boundary migration in two-dimensional colloidal crystals — a system where every particle can be tracked optically, so the microscopic motion is directly observable rather than inferred. The origin they identify is geometric: the trajectories follow from the geometry of the boundary and the lattice mismatch across it, which is why the same framework covers particle displacements and dislocation motion at once. Published in Nature Physics.
Related keywords: grain boundary, 粒界, grain boundary migration, 粒界移動, dislocation, 転位, polycrystal, 多結晶, colloidal crystal, コロイド結晶, recrystallization, 再結晶, grain growth, 粒成長, lattice mismatch, 格子ミスマッチ, defect dynamics, 欠陥ダイナミクス, two-dimensional crystal, 2次元結晶, materials science, 材料科学, Roel Dullens, Nature Physics
Sir Anthony James Leggett died on 8 March 2026 in Urbana, Illinois, aged 87, eighteen days short of his 88th birthday. He shared the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physics with Alexei Abrikosov and Vitaly Ginzburg for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids. Leggett's analysis of the superfluid phases of helium-3 — a paired state of fermionic atoms with both spin and orbital structure — supplied the theoretical language that experimentalists needed to identify what they were seeing.
Nature's obituary, written by Philip Stamp and published on 30 March, emphasizes that Leggett was a polymath: he read literae humaniores (classics) at Balliol College, Oxford from 1955 and only then began a second undergraduate degree in physics, and that this background shaped the question he pressed hardest for the rest of his career: how far up in size and complexity does quantum mechanics continue to hold? He formalized that question through the programme of macroscopic quantum coherence and through the Leggett–Garg inequality, a temporal analogue of Bell's inequality designed to test macroscopic realism. He also gave the field the Caldeira–Leggett model, still the standard framework for quantum dissipation and decoherence in open systems. That framing is now routine in work on superconducting qubits, optomechanics and large-molecule interference — including the March 2026 experiments in this archive on atoms placed in two locations at once.
Coverage / 報道: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign News Bureau(2026年3月9日) | Blundell, S., University of Oxford Department of Physics
※ 本項の日付はレゲット氏の逝去日(2026年3月8日)です。上記Nature追悼記事の掲載は2026年3月30日。
Related keywords: Anthony Leggett, アンソニー・レゲット, superfluid helium-3, 超流動ヘリウム3, Nobel Prize 2003, ノーベル物理学賞, macroscopic quantum coherence, マクロ量子コヒーレンス, Leggett-Garg inequality, レゲット・ガルグ不等式, macrorealism, マクロ実在論, quantum measurement problem, 量子測定問題, superconductivity, 超伝導, p-wave pairing, p波対形成, Caldeira-Leggett model, カルデイラ・レゲット模型, quantum dissipation, 量子散逸, Abrikosov, Ginzburg, University of Illinois, obituary, 追悼, Philip Stamp, Nature
Transient grating spectroscopy works by crossing two pulses to write a periodic excitation into a sample and probing how that pattern decays. It is a clean way to measure thermal transport and phonon dynamics at a chosen length scale, because the grating period sets the wavevector being probed. Its limitation has always been that the period cannot be smaller than roughly the wavelength of the light used, so optical implementations are stuck at hundreds of nanometres — far above the mean free paths that matter in nanoscale heat transport.
Haoyuan Li, Nan Wang and Diling Zhu's team implemented the technique entirely with hard X-rays from a free-electron laser, shrinking the accessible grating period to the nanometre range. As Martin Beye notes in the accompanying News & Views, this opens observation of phonons and thermal transport at length scales where the diffusive Fourier description breaks down and ballistic phonon transport takes over — precisely the regime that governs heat dissipation in nanoscale devices and that has previously had to be inferred from models rather than measured directly.
Coverage / 報道: Beye, M., "Transient grating spectroscopy down to the atomic length scale," Nature Physics News & Views(2026年3月6日)
Related keywords: transient grating spectroscopy, 過渡回折格子分光, free-electron laser, 自由電子レーザー, hard X-ray, 硬X線, XFEL, phonon transport, フォノン輸送, thermal transport, 熱輸送, ballistic phonon, 弾道的フォノン, Fourier law breakdown, フーリエ則の破綻, mean free path, 平均自由行程, nanoscale heat, ナノスケール熱, ultrafast spectroscopy, 超高速分光, lattice dynamics, 格子ダイナミクス, Nature Physics
A Kondo insulator forms when localized magnetic moments hybridize with itinerant conduction electrons and open a narrow gap at low temperature. If the resulting band structure is topologically non-trivial, the material becomes a topological Kondo insulator — a strongly correlated system whose bulk is insulating but whose surface carries protected conducting states. SmB₆ has been the canonical candidate for over a decade, but as a three-dimensional bulk compound its parameters are fixed by chemistry and cannot be tuned.
Zhongdong Han, Yiyu Xia and Kin Fai Mak's group realized the state in two dimensions instead, using a MoTe₂/WSe₂ moiré bilayer in which local moments reside in one layer and itinerant carriers in the other. Because the moiré superlattice separates the two roles into different layers, the Kondo coupling, the carrier density and the band topology can all be adjusted independently — by twist angle, gate voltage and displacement field. Benjamin E. Feldman's accompanying News & Views underlines the point: this converts a fixed material into a tunable platform for heavy-fermion and topological physics. Published in Nature Physics.
Coverage / 報道: Feldman, B. E., "Kondo with a topological twist," Nature Physics News & Views(2026年3月6日)
Related keywords: topological Kondo insulator, トポロジカル近藤絶縁体, Kondo effect, 近藤効果, heavy fermion, 重い電子系, SmB6, moire bilayer, モアレ二層, MoTe2, WSe2, transition metal dichalcogenide, 遷移金属ダイカルコゲナイド, local moment, 局在モーメント, hybridization gap, 混成ギャップ, twist angle, ねじれ角, strongly correlated electrons, 強相関電子系, Kin Fai Mak, Nature Physics
In a conventional superconductor, the two electrons of a Cooper pair form a spin singlet, so an applied magnetic field breaks pairs and destroys superconductivity once it exceeds the Pauli limit. Spin-triplet pairing, where the pair spins are parallel, escapes that constraint and is far more robust against field — and, because a triplet order parameter has internal structure, such states are candidates for hosting topological superconductivity and Majorana modes. Confirmed bulk triplet superconductors remain rare.
S. Y. Frank Zhao, Paul M. Neves and Joseph G. Checkelsky's group showed that BaTa₂S₅ — a natural superlattice of alternating TaS₂ and Ba₂TaS₄ layers — hosts a triplet superconducting phase at high magnetic field. The notable feature is that this phase emerges out of a separate, more conventional superconducting state as the field is raised: the material passes from one pairing symmetry to another within a single sample, so the two can be compared directly without changing chemistry or device. Published in Nature Physics.
Related keywords: triplet superconductivity, 三重項超伝導, spin-triplet pairing, スピン三重項対形成, Pauli limit, パウリ極限, upper critical field, 上部臨界磁場, BaTa2S5, transition metal dichalcogenide, 遷移金属ダイカルコゲナイド, TaS2, superlattice, 超格子, unconventional superconductor, 非従来型超伝導体, topological superconductivity, トポロジカル超伝導, Majorana, マヨラナ, Cooper pair, クーパー対, Joseph Checkelsky, Nature Physics
The second law is a statement about entropy production, but in small systems entropy production is a fluctuating quantity rather than a fixed number, and measuring it experimentally is hard. It is even harder when the dynamics are non-Markovian: if the system retains memory of its past interaction with the environment, the standard stochastic-thermodynamics bookkeeping that assumes memoryless baths no longer applies, and the information dissipated into those memory correlations has to be accounted for separately.
Yuejun Shen, Chutian Chen and Aaron M. Lindenberg's group visualized dissipation in real time in a time-dependently driven, non-Markovian quantum-dot blinking process — the intermittent fluorescence familiar from single quantum dots, here used as a directly observable stochastic trajectory. Because the blinking record is the trajectory, entropy production and information dissipation can be extracted from measurement rather than reconstructed from a model. Paul Eastham's accompanying News & Views, "Dots of entropy," places the work as a nanoscale test of how irreversibility and relaxation to equilibrium actually proceed when memory effects are present.
Coverage / 報道: Eastham, P., "Dots of entropy," Nature Physics News & Views(2026年3月4日)
Related keywords: entropy production, エントロピー生成, stochastic thermodynamics, 確率熱力学, non-Markovian, 非マルコフ, quantum dot, 量子ドット, blinking, ブリンキング, 点滅, fluctuation theorem, ゆらぎの定理, irreversibility, 不可逆性, information dissipation, 情報散逸, second law, 熱力学第二法則, nanoscale thermodynamics, ナノスケール熱力学, Aaron Lindenberg, Nature Physics
Hexagonal diamond, or lonsdaleite, is the wurtzite-structured polymorph of carbon: the same tetrahedral sp³ bonding as ordinary cubic diamond, but with a different stacking sequence. Since its identification in meteorite material in the 1960s, essentially every sample has been a nanoscale, defect-laden intergrowth with cubic diamond, which meant that claims about its properties — including predictions that it is harder than cubic diamond — could never be tested on a clean specimen.
Shoulong Lai, Xigui Yang and Chongxin Shan's team synthesized millimetre-sized, phase-pure hexagonal diamond by compressing highly oriented pyrolytic graphite at high pressure and temperature. Using an already-aligned graphite precursor is what makes the product single-phase: the starting stacking order constrains which transformation pathway the carbon can take. Beyond finally enabling direct measurement of the material's hardness and electronic properties, the work provides direct evidence about the graphite-to-diamond transformation pathway itself — a mechanism debated since the first high-pressure diamond syntheses. Published in Nature.
Source / 出典: Lai, S., Yang, X. & Shan, C. et al., "Bulk hexagonal diamond," Nature (4 March 2026). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10212-4
Related keywords: hexagonal diamond, 六方晶ダイヤモンド, lonsdaleite, ロンズデーライト, wurtzite structure, ウルツ鉱型構造, cubic diamond, 立方晶ダイヤモンド, polymorph, 多形, HOPG, 高配向熱分解グラファイト, high pressure high temperature, 高圧高温, HPHT, phase transformation, 相変態, martensitic transformation, マルテンサイト変態, hardness, 硬度, superhard material, 超硬材料, meteorite, 隕石, Nature
Quantum sensing inside cells has so far relied on introduced hardware: nitrogen-vacancy centres in nanodiamonds, for instance, deliver excellent magnetic and thermal sensitivity but must be physically inserted, cannot be targeted to a specific protein complex, and are foreign objects that the cell may sequester or reject. A sensor the cell builds for itself would remove all three problems at once.
Nature surveyed the emerging effort to give fluorescent proteins a quantum upgrade, so that their optical output reports on spin states rather than only on concentration or conformation. Because such a sensor is genetically encoded, it can be expressed in a chosen cell type and fused to a chosen protein, putting the measurement exactly where the biology happens. The March 2026 demonstration of magnetic resonance control of radical pairs in living C. elegans, also in this archive, is the experimental counterpart to this survey: it shows the readout channel working in a whole animal. Together they mark the point at which quantum sensing in biology stops requiring foreign hardware.
Related keywords: quantum protein, 量子タンパク質, quantum sensing, 量子センシング, fluorescent protein, 蛍光タンパク質, genetically encoded sensor, 遺伝子コード化センサー, NV center, NV中心, nitrogen-vacancy, 窒素空孔中心, nanodiamond, ナノダイヤモンド, spin readout, スピン読み出し, quantum biology, 量子生物学, optically detected magnetic resonance, 光検出磁気共鳴, ODMR, cell imaging, 細胞イメージング, Nature
Peeling tape from a roll produces a distinctive high-pitched screech, and the noise is not incidental — it is a direct acoustic signature of how the adhesive fails. Peeling is not smooth: the adhesive layer separates in a stick-slip sequence of rapid micro-fractures, and the same instability governs how much force the peel requires and how cleanly the tape releases.
Nature highlighted work attributing the sound to weak shock waves triggered by micro-cracks in the adhesive layer. Each rapid crack event launches a pressure disturbance, and the accumulated train of these disturbances is the audible screech. The interest is not the noise itself but what it encodes: the acoustic emission is a non-contact record of crack timing and speed in a soft, dissipative material where direct imaging is difficult. The same reasoning connects to the March 2026 result on liquids fracturing like solids, also in this archive — both concern how fracture mechanics carries over to materials that are not brittle solids.
Source / 出典: "The squeal of peeling tape, explained," Nature (Research Highlight, 2 March 2026). DOI: 10.1038/d41586-026-00516-w
Related keywords: adhesive tape, 粘着テープ, peeling, 剥離, stick-slip, スティックスリップ, adhesion, 接着, micro-crack, 微小亀裂, shock wave, 衝撃波, acoustic emission, 音響放出, fracture mechanics, 破壊力学, viscoelastic, 粘弾性, soft matter, ソフトマター, crack propagation, 亀裂進展, tribology, トライボロジー, Nature
The quantum Hall effect (von Klitzing, 1980, in Würzburg) and the quantum spin Hall effect (first demonstrated experimentally by Molenkamp's group at Würzburg in 2006) both protect charge carriers from scattering by topology. Carrying that protection over to light is attractive for optical information processing, but photons are neutral and feel no magnetic field, so an artificial gauge field must be engineered instead.
Sebastian Klembt's group at the ctd.qmat Cluster of Excellence (Würzburg), with international collaborators, used exciton-polaritons — hybrid light–matter quasiparticles in a semiconductor microcavity — arranged in a designed lattice to realize a Hofstadter ladder with synthetic gauge fields and a synthetic dimension. In this hybrid quantum material the polarization of light itself can act as an information carrier, and the topologically protected transport of the electronic quantum Hall and spin Hall effects appears in optical form. The authors point to topological polariton lasers, spin-based transistors and optical information processing as targets. Published in Nature Communications.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org(ctd.qmat / JMU Würzburg, 2026年3月27日)
Related keywords: exciton-polariton, 励起子ポラリトン, artificial gauge field, 人工ゲージ場, synthetic dimension, 合成次元, Hofstadter ladder, ホフスタッター梯子, Hofstadter butterfly, ホフスタッターの蝶, quantum Hall effect, 量子ホール効果, quantum spin Hall effect, 量子スピンホール効果, topological photonics, トポロジカルフォトニクス, microcavity, マイクロキャビティ, polariton laser, ポラリトンレーザー, optical information processing, 光情報処理, von Klitzing, Molenkamp, Sebastian Klembt, ctd.qmat, Würzburg, Nature Communications
When uranium or thorium impurities in a mineral undergo spontaneous fission, the fragments leave nanometre-scale trails of structural damage — fission tracks — which geologists use for dating and thermal-history reconstruction and which matter for the design of materials to encapsulate radioactive waste. Such tracks had long been assumed to have circular cross-sections.
Working at the ANU Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility, a team including PhD researcher Wierbik created artificial tracks by bombarding crystals with 185 MeV gold ions, then measured them by synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering with the crystals mounted so they could be rotated about their crystallographic axes — a demanding alignment. In apatite (hexagonal) and α-quartz the cross-sections were round only when the track ran parallel to the c-axis; perpendicular to it they were elliptical, flattened along c. Wierbik's hypothesis was that the anisotropic Young's modulus was responsible, both crystals being stiffer along c. The decisive test came from tourmaline, a trigonal crystal whose stiffness anisotropy is reversed: there the perpendicular tracks were again elliptical but widened along c — exactly the opposite sense, as predicted. It is the first measurement with enough resolution to resolve track shape, and it ties track morphology directly to elastic anisotropy.
Source / 出典: Australian National University, Research School of Physics, "Trail of destruction: swift ions surprise with elliptical damage trails," 2026年3月13日(測定は ANU Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility と豪シンクロトロンで実施。査読論文のDOIは本稿執筆時点で未確認のため、機関発表とAPS Physicsの解説を出典とする)
Coverage / 報道: APS Physics(Synopsis)
Related keywords: swift heavy ion, 高速重イオン, ion track, イオントラック, fission track, フィッション・トラック, 核分裂飛跡, apatite, アパタイト, quartz, 石英, tourmaline, トルマリン, small-angle X-ray scattering, 小角X線散乱, SAXS, synchrotron, シンクロトロン, anisotropy, 異方性, Young's modulus, ヤング率, c-axis, c軸, electronic stopping, 電子的阻止能, thermochronology, 熱年代学, nuclear waste, 放射性廃棄物, ANU Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility
Diesel engines remain dominant in freight, agriculture and stationary generation, and their exhaust is a major source of nitrogen oxides and particulate matter. Aftertreatment such as selective catalytic reduction and particulate filters is effective but costly, and retrofitting older engines is often impractical.
A review by Chukwuemeka F. Nnadozie and colleagues surveys the international literature on water-in-diesel emulsion (WiDE), in which surfactants disperse fine water droplets through the fuel — properly formulated blends staying stable for up to about 60 days. On injection and ignition, the trapped water flashes to vapour inside each fuel droplet, producing a "micro-explosion" that shatters the droplet into much finer fragments and dramatically improves fuel–air mixing; simultaneously, the water's heat of vaporization lowers peak combustion temperature. The two effects work in opposite directions on the usual NOx–soot trade-off: lower peak temperature suppresses thermal NOx while better mixing suppresses soot. Across the studies reviewed, NOx fell by as much as 67% and particulate matter by up to 68%, with efficiency maintained or improved — and, importantly, without redesigning the engine. Published in Carbon Research; highlighted 13 March 2026.
Coverage / 報道: ScienceDaily(Shenyang Agricultural University, 2026年3月13日)
Related keywords: water-in-diesel emulsion, 水/軽油エマルション, WiDE, micro-explosion, マイクロ爆発, puffing, パフィング, droplet atomization, 液滴微粒化, combustion, 燃焼, NOx, 窒素酸化物, particulate matter, 粒子状物質, soot, 煤, surfactant, 界面活性剤, emulsion stability, エマルション安定性, thermal NOx, サーマルNOx, brake thermal efficiency, 正味熱効率, diesel engine, ディーゼルエンジン, aftertreatment, 後処理, Carbon Research
Since the 1970s the global mean surface temperature has risen at a fairly steady rate of about 0.2 °C per decade. Recent record-hot years prompted debate over whether the pace had increased, but natural fluctuations — El Niño/La Niña, volcanic eruptions and the solar cycle — inject enough noise that no analysis had been able to establish an acceleration at a statistically significant level.
Grant Foster and Stefan Rahmstorf (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research) applied the noise-removal method they introduced in 2011: estimate and subtract the contributions of ENSO, volcanic aerosols and solar variability from the temperature record, then examine the residual trend. Across all five major global temperature datasets — including those from NASA and NOAA, and including the record years 2023 and 2024 — the adjusted data reveal a near-doubling of the warming rate to roughly 0.35 °C per decade beginning around 2015, robust to the choice of statistical method and significant at better than 98%. That makes the past decade the fastest-warming since instrumental records began in 1880. The authors note that the leading candidate explanation is reduced aerosol cooling as emissions controls have tightened, with anthropogenic effective radiative forcing rising roughly 50% since 2000, though aerosol observations remain uncertain. Published in Geophysical Research Letters.
Coverage / 報道: AGU Newsroom | Phys.org(PIK)
Related keywords: global warming, 地球温暖化, warming acceleration, 温暖化の加速, global mean surface temperature, 世界平均地上気温, GMST, ENSO, エルニーニョ南方振動, volcanic aerosol, 火山エアロゾル, solar cycle, 太陽活動周期, natural variability, 自然変動, statistical significance, 統計的有意性, effective radiative forcing, 実効放射強制力, aerosol cooling, エアロゾル冷却, 1.5C target, 1.5℃目標, Grant Foster, Stefan Rahmstorf, PIK, ポツダム気候影響研究所, Geophysical Research Letters
The Chern number is a topological invariant — an integer characterizing the global structure of a material's electronic bands — and it fixes the sign and quantization of the anomalous Hall response. Because it is topological, it is normally regarded as something one sets by fabrication, doping or a magnetic field, not something one switches on demand.
Ol'ga Huber, Tomasz Smoleński, Ataç Imamoğlu and colleagues at the University of Basel and ETH Zurich, working with Xiaodong Xu's group and NIMS, showed that a pulse of laser light can reverse the magnetization of a ferromagnetic moiré material and, with it, flip the sign of the topological Chern number — establishing optical, all-light control over a topological invariant. Because the switching is done with light rather than current or external field, it points toward reconfigurable electronic circuits and topological devices addressed optically, and toward ultrafast control of quantum anomalous Hall states. Published in Nature.
Coverage / 報道: ScienceDaily(University of Basel, 2026年3月3日)
Related keywords: Chern number, チャーン数, topological invariant, トポロジカル不変量, quantum anomalous Hall effect, 量子異常ホール効果, moiré material, モアレ物質, moiré superlattice, モアレ超格子, transition metal dichalcogenide, 遷移金属ダイカルコゲナイド, ferromagnetism, 強磁性, magnetization switching, 磁化反転, all-optical switching, 全光スイッチング, ultrafast magnetism, 超高速磁性, hexagonal boron nitride, 六方晶窒化ホウ素, Ataç Imamoğlu, Tomasz Smoleński, University of Basel, ETH Zurich, Xiaodong Xu, NIMS, Nature
Converting captured CO₂ into methanol — a liquid fuel and a bulk chemical feedstock — normally relies on catalysts made of metal clusters or nanoparticles, in which only a fraction of the atoms actually sit at active sites. Indium oxide catalysts work but need high loadings and lose activity over time.
A team led by Javier Pérez-Ramírez at ETH Zurich, with Núria López's group and collaborators, instead anchored isolated indium atoms on hafnium oxide (hafnia, HfO₂). Spectroscopic and microscopic characterization plus first-principles calculations show that each single indium atom is itself the active site, with the hafnia support stabilizing it and tuning its electronic structure. The result is markedly higher methanol productivity per indium atom than conventional indium-oxide catalysts, along with improved stability. Beyond the specific reaction, it is a clean demonstration that single-atom catalysis can outperform nanoparticle catalysis in an industrially relevant thermocatalytic process. Published in Nature Nanotechnology.
Coverage / 報道: ScienceDaily(ETH Zurich, 2026年3月20日)
Related keywords: single-atom catalyst, 単原子触媒, SAC, indium, インジウム, hafnia, ハフニア, HfO2, CO2 hydrogenation, CO2水素化, methanol synthesis, メタノール合成, carbon capture and utilization, CCU, 炭素回収利用, heterogeneous catalysis, 不均一系触媒, active site, 活性点, DFT, 密度汎関数理論, EPR spectroscopy, 電子スピン共鳴, ETH Zurich, Javier Pérez-Ramírez, Núria López, Nature Nanotechnology
Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) is one of the most informative probes of how high-capacity lithium-excess (Li-rich) cathode materials degrade during cycling, because it is sensitive to the oxygen redox chemistry believed to drive voltage fade. Its practical value has been limited, however, by the difficulty of simulating RIXS spectra accurately: the strongly correlated electronic states involved are largely out of reach for classical methods.
Xanadu Quantum Technologies, working with the University of Toronto and Canada's National Research Council under the NRC's Applied Quantum Computing Challenge programme, published a preprint describing quantum algorithms for RIXS spectra together with a detailed resource analysis. For a classically hard test case — the structures predicted to form in Li-rich NMC (nickel–manganese–cobalt) cathode active materials — the algorithm is estimated to need fewer than 500 logical qubits, within the range expected for early utility-scale fault-tolerant quantum computers. The work is a resource-estimation and algorithm-design study rather than a hardware demonstration, but it puts a concrete, industrially motivated target on the fault-tolerant roadmap.
Coverage / 報道: The Quantum Insider | HPCwire
Related keywords: RIXS, 共鳴非弾性X線散乱, quantum algorithm, 量子アルゴリズム, fault-tolerant quantum computing, 耐故障量子計算, logical qubit, 論理量子ビット, resource estimation, 資源見積もり, quantum chemistry, 量子化学, strongly correlated electrons, 強相関電子, lithium-rich cathode, リチウム過剰正極, Li-rich NMC, oxygen redox, 酸素レドックス, voltage fade, 電圧低下, battery degradation, 電池劣化, Xanadu, University of Toronto, NRC Canada
Poly(heptazine imide)s (PHIs) are a promising class of carbon-nitride photocatalysts: they absorb visible light and can drive hydrogen production, CO₂ conversion and hydrogen peroxide synthesis. Their properties can be tuned by exchanging the counter-ions held in the framework, but the space of possible ion-exchanged variants is large and it had not been clear how those substitutions shift the electronic and optical behavior.
A team led from the Center for Advanced Systems Understanding (CASUS) at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, with the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, applied first-principles many-body perturbation theory (GW-type quasiparticle and Bethe–Salpeter-level treatments) to derive a reliable, reproducible protocol for predicting band edges and optical gaps across the PHI family, and validated the predictions against measurements. The result is a theory-guided screening route for photocatalyst discovery rather than trial-and-error synthesis. Published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.
Coverage / 報道: ScienceDaily(Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 2026年3月16日)
Related keywords: photocatalysis, 光触媒, carbon nitride, 炭素窒化物, poly(heptazine imide), ポリヘプタジンイミド, PHI, ion exchange, イオン交換, many-body perturbation theory, 多体摂動論, GW approximation, GW近似, Bethe-Salpeter equation, ベーテ・サルピーター方程式, band gap, バンドギャップ, optical absorption, 光吸収, solar fuel, 太陽光燃料, hydrogen production, 水素製造, CO2 conversion, materials screening, 材料スクリーニング, CASUS, HZDR, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, JACS
Osmotic or "blue" energy harvests the voltage that appears when ions from seawater migrate through an ion-selective membrane toward fresh water. The field has been stuck on a trade-off: membranes that pass ions quickly are poorly selective, while highly selective membranes pass ions too slowly, and maintaining charge separation and mechanical robustness has kept most systems experimental.
Aleksandra Radenovic's Laboratory for Nanoscale Biology at EPFL, with the Interdisciplinary Centre for Electron Microscopy, combined scalable semiconductor microfabrication — stalactite-shaped nanopores etched in a silicon-nitride membrane — with a self-assembled lipid bilayer coating formed from liposomes inside the nanoconfined pores. The lipid layer acts as a liquid-like lubricant that raises the slip length, so selected ions slide through with far less friction while the pore stays highly charged and selective. Optimizing charge and slip length together, the device reached an overall power density of roughly 15 W m⁻² under conditions replicating real seawater/river-water salinities — about two to three times current technologies. Published in Nature Energy (16 February 2026); ScienceDaily featured the work on 9 March 2026.
Coverage / 報道: ScienceDaily(EPFL, 2026年3月9日) | Phys.org
Related keywords: osmotic energy, 浸透圧発電, blue energy, ブルーエネルギー, salinity gradient, 塩分濃度勾配, reverse electrodialysis, 逆電気透析, nanofluidics, ナノフルイディクス, nanopore, ナノ細孔, slip length, スリップ長, lipid bilayer, 脂質二重層, liposome, リポソーム, ion selectivity, イオン選択性, silicon nitride, 窒化ケイ素, power density, 出力密度, renewable energy, 再生可能エネルギー, Aleksandra Radenovic, EPFL, Nature Energy
All-solid-state batteries depend on solid electrolytes in which ions move almost as freely as in a liquid — so-called superionic conduction. Finding such materials has meant extensive synthesis and testing, because standard simulations struggle to represent the disordered, high-temperature conditions in which ions move most freely, and there was no simple experimental signature to look for.
Manuel Grumet, Waldemar Kaiser, David A. Egger and colleagues (Technical University of Munich and collaborators) built a machine-learning pipeline that predicts Raman spectra from molecular-dynamics trajectories at a fraction of the usual cost. Applied across candidate solid electrolytes, it identified a distinctive low-frequency Raman feature that appears when rapid ion motion temporarily disrupts the surrounding lattice — a direct spectroscopic marker of fast, liquid-like ionic conduction. Because Raman spectroscopy is a routine, non-destructive laboratory measurement, the finding gives experimentalists a fast screening handle for superionic candidates. Published in AI for Science.
Coverage / 報道: ScienceDaily, 2026年3月7日
Related keywords: solid electrolyte, 固体電解質, all-solid-state battery, 全固体電池, superionic conduction, 超イオン伝導, ionic conductivity, イオン伝導度, Raman spectroscopy, ラマン分光, machine learning potential, 機械学習ポテンシャル, molecular dynamics, 分子動力学, phonon, フォノン, low-frequency mode, 低周波モード, anharmonicity, 非調和性, materials screening, 材料スクリーニング, sodium electrolyte, ナトリウム電解質, David Egger, Technical University of Munich, ミュンヘン工科大学, AI for Science
The mid-infrared (roughly 3–8 µm) is where molecules have their strongest vibrational fingerprints, making it valuable for gas sensing, thermal imaging and spectroscopy — but compact, cheap mid-IR light sources remain scarce, since conventional epitaxial devices are expensive to fabricate.
Augustin Caillas, Xingyu Shen and Philippe Guyot-Sionnest at the University of Chicago placed n-doped HgSe/CdS colloidal quantum dots — which emit through intraband (not interband) transitions around 5 µm — inside plasmonic bowtie nanoantenna cavities. The Purcell effect from the cavity dramatically accelerates the radiative rate relative to the fast non-radiative intraband relaxation that normally quenches such emitters, giving roughly a 270-fold improvement in emission efficiency and a power conversion efficiency of about 5–6.8% at 5 µm — among the most efficient mid-infrared LEDs made from any material. Guyot-Sionnest notes the architecture works specifically because of the quantum mechanics of intraband transitions in the dots. Published in Nature Photonics (24 February 2026); the University of Chicago highlighted the work in early March 2026.
Coverage / 報道: University of Chicago News
Related keywords: colloidal quantum dot, コロイド量子ドット, mid-infrared, 中赤外, intraband transition, バンド内遷移, HgSe, CdS, electroluminescence, エレクトロルミネッセンス, LED, plasmonic nanoantenna, プラズモニックナノアンテナ, bowtie antenna, ボウタイアンテナ, Purcell effect, パーセル効果, nanocavity, ナノ共振器, power conversion efficiency, 電力変換効率, gas sensing, ガスセンシング, thermal imaging, 熱イメージング, Philippe Guyot-Sionnest, University of Chicago, Nature Photonics
Inverted perovskite solar cells, built on self-assembled monolayer hole-transport layers, are attractive for low-cost scalable manufacturing but have been held back by defects at the "buried interface" — the bottom of the perovskite film, where interfacial voids, nanogrooves and electronic traps form during solution processing and quietly erode both efficiency and stability.
Xiuhong Sun, Shuping Pang, Yuanyuan Zhou and colleagues (Chinese Academy of Sciences and collaborators) pre-seeded the substrate with low-dimensional halide crystal solvates (PDPbI₄·DMSO). These nanoseeds guide wetting of the precursor solution on the self-assembled monolayer and enable lattice-confined solvent annealing at the film bottom, suppressing voids and nanogrooves, while solvate-derived halide compounds passivate electronic defects and shift the interfacial energetics to favor hole extraction. Small cells reached 26.13% power conversion efficiency; combined with slot-die coating, a 49.91 cm² mini-module reached 23.15%, with under 3% loss on scaling — a narrower cell-to-module gap than most previous reports. Published in Nature Synthesis.
Coverage / 報道: ScienceDaily(中国科学院, 2026年3月1日) | TechXplore
Related keywords: perovskite solar cell, ペロブスカイト太陽電池, inverted structure, 反転構造, p-i-n, buried interface, 埋没界面, self-assembled monolayer, 自己組織化単分子膜, SAM, crystal solvate, 結晶溶媒和物, pre-seeding, プレシーディング, solvent annealing, 溶媒アニール, passivation, パッシベーション, defect, 欠陥, slot-die coating, スロットダイ塗布, mini-module, ミニモジュール, power conversion efficiency, 電力変換効率, scalability, スケーラビリティ, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 中国科学院, Nature Synthesis
A team led by Marina S. Leite at UC Davis, with Maksym Kovalenko's group, has shown that halide perovskite crystals undergo large, fully reversible changes in shape when illuminated — a photomechanical response known as photostriction that is essentially absent in conventional semiconductors such as silicon or GaAs. The lattice distorts under light and snaps back when the light is removed.
Crucially, the magnitude and sign of the distortion can be tuned by the intensity and the wavelength (color) of the illumination, meaning the same crystal can be programmed optically rather than by changing its composition. Because halide perovskites are already central to next-generation photovoltaics and LEDs, light-induced lattice distortion is a double-edged result: it is a potential source of operational instability in solar cells, but also a route to light-driven actuators, optomechanical devices and strain-tunable optoelectronics. Published in Advanced Materials.
Coverage / 報道: ScienceDaily(UC Davis)
Related keywords: photostriction, フォトストリクション, 光歪, halide perovskite, ハライドペロブスカイト, lattice distortion, 格子歪み, photomechanical, 光機械応答, reversible, 可逆, optoelectronics, オプトエレクトロニクス, solar cell stability, 太陽電池の安定性, LED, actuator, アクチュエータ, strain engineering, ひずみ工学, Marina Leite, UC Davis, Maksym Kovalenko, Advanced Materials
Powerful radiation from an actively accreting supermassive black hole is known to reshape its own host galaxy. A study led by Yongda Zhu at the University of Arizona now finds evidence that it can reach much further: quasar radiative feedback appears to suppress galaxy growth on intergalactic scales at redshift z = 6.3, when the universe was under a billion years old.
Galaxies near luminous early quasars turn out to be fainter or fewer than expected, consistent with the quasar's ultraviolet output heating and ionizing gas in neighboring systems and choking off their star formation. Zhu describes the picture as a "galaxy ecosystem": rather than evolving in isolation, galaxies separated by millions of light-years can influence one another, and quasar environments must be interpreted with that coupling in mind. The paper appeared in The Astrophysical Journal Letters; the University of Arizona highlighted the result in March 2026.
Coverage / 報道: ScienceDaily(University of Arizona, 2026年3月30日)
Related keywords: quasar, クエーサー, radiative feedback, 放射フィードバック, AGN feedback, 活動銀河核フィードバック, star formation quenching, 星形成の抑制, supermassive black hole, 超大質量ブラックホール, intergalactic medium, 銀河間物質, reionization, 再電離, redshift 6.3, 高赤方偏移, early universe, 初期宇宙, galaxy evolution, 銀河進化, galaxy ecosystem, Yongda Zhu, University of Arizona, ApJ Letters
Researchers from the DOE-funded Quantum Science Center at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Purdue University, the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Los Alamos National Laboratory, the University of Tennessee and IBM used an IBM Quantum Heron processor to compute the energy–momentum (dynamical structure factor) spectrum of KCuF₃, a well-characterized quasi-one-dimensional quantum magnet, and compared it directly against neutron-scattering measurements from the Spallation Neutron Source at ORNL and from the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK.
The simulated and measured spectra agree closely — Los Alamos condensed-matter physicist Allen Scheie called it the most impressive match he had seen between experimental data and qubit simulation. Improved two-qubit error rates, new algorithms and hybrid quantum-classical ("quantum-centric supercomputing") workflows made the comparison possible. The result is a concrete realization of Feynman's original proposal — using a controllable quantum system to simulate another quantum system — and a benchmark showing that current processors can capture dynamical properties of real materials, not just toy models. Reported as a preprint on arXiv.
Source / 出典: Lee, Y.T. et al., "Benchmarking quantum simulation with neutron-scattering experiments," arXiv:2603.15608 (2026)
Coverage / 報道: IBM Newsroom | Phys.org
Related keywords: quantum simulation, 量子シミュレーション, IBM Quantum Heron, KCuF3, neutron scattering, 中性子散乱, dynamical structure factor, 動的構造因子, quantum magnet, 量子磁性体, spin chain, スピン鎖, Spallation Neutron Source, 核破砕中性子源, ORNL, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, quantum-centric supercomputing, 量子中心スーパーコンピューティング, Feynman, ファインマン, Quantum Science Center, Los Alamos, Purdue, arXiv
Atomically thin semiconductors such as monolayer tungsten disulfide (WS₂) host tightly bound excitons and generate new colors of light through nonlinear effects, but their extreme thinness leaves too little material for light to interact with. Conventional dielectric nanoresonators trap light inside solid silicon, which puts the strongest fields away from the surface where the monolayer actually sits.
A team including Zhuoyuan Lu, Kirill Koshelev, Yuri Kivshar and Yuerui Lu inverted the geometry: they used focused-ion-beam milling to carve subwavelength air cavities — "Mie voids" — into exfoliated flakes of the high-index material bismuth telluride (Bi₂Te₃), then transferred a continuous WS₂ monolayer across them. Strong reflection at the air–dielectric boundary confines the field inside the void and near the top surface, exactly where the monolayer is. Tuning cavity radius and depth to match the WS₂ A-exciton gave about 20× stronger photoluminescence and, when shifted to the near-infrared, about 25× stronger second-harmonic generation, versus non-resonant cavities. Far-field imaging of the second-harmonic signal also let the team visualize the localized modes directly, without near-field probes. Published in Advanced Photonics.
Coverage / 報道: SPIE | ScienceDaily
Related keywords: Mie void, Mieボイド, Mie resonance, ミー共鳴, nanophotonics, ナノフォトニクス, 2D semiconductor, 二次元半導体, monolayer, 単層, WS2, tungsten disulfide, 二硫化タングステン, exciton, 励起子, A-exciton, photoluminescence, フォトルミネッセンス, second-harmonic generation, 第二高調波発生, SHG, nonlinear optics, 非線形光学, bismuth telluride, テルル化ビスマス, Bi2Te3, van der Waals heterostructure, ファンデルワールスヘテロ構造, focused ion beam, 集束イオンビーム, Yuri Kivshar, ANU, Advanced Photonics
Logical qubits — quantum information encoded redundantly across several physical qubits so that errors can be detected and corrected — had already been demonstrated in superconducting circuits, neutral atoms, trapped ions and nitrogen-vacancy centers, but not in silicon spin qubits, despite silicon's compatibility with existing chip fabrication and its long coherence times. Frequency crowding and cross-talk make the problem worse as silicon systems scale.
A team at the Shenzhen International Quantum Academy built a logical quantum processor from a phosphorus donor cluster in isotopically purified silicon, placing the donor atoms with atomic precision. Implementing the [[4,2,2]] error-detecting code, they encoded four physical qubits into two logical qubits and demonstrated the essential ingredients of fault-tolerant operation: fault-tolerant preparation of logical states, and a characterized universal gate set of logical single- and two-qubit gates. The logical T gate was realized by the gate-by-measurement method, and magic states based on it were prepared. The authors describe the work as marking the transition from physical-qubit operation to fault-tolerant logical encoding in silicon, and plan to scale up using reconfigurable donor-cluster arrays. Published in Nature Nanotechnology.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | The Quantum Insider
Related keywords: logical qubit, 論理量子ビット, fault-tolerant quantum computation, 耐故障量子計算, FTQC, quantum error correction, 量子誤り訂正, [[4,2,2]] code, 誤り検出符号, silicon spin qubit, シリコンスピン量子ビット, phosphorus donor, リンドナー, donor cluster, ドナークラスター, isotopically purified silicon, 同位体濃縮シリコン, magic state, マジック状態, T gate, Tゲート, universal gate set, ユニバーサルゲートセット, Shenzhen International Quantum Academy, 深圳国際量子研究院, Nature Nanotechnology
Getting light off a photonic chip and into free space cleanly is a long-standing bottleneck for lidar, displays, optical communication and quantum control. The field has faced a hard trade-off: photonic integrated circuits with diffractive gratings scale well but produce poor beam quality, while micromechanical (MEMS) mirrors give excellent beams but are inertially limited and do not integrate at scale.
Matt Saha, Y. Henry Wen, Andrew Greenspon and colleagues at MITRE and MIT, with Dirk Englund and Matt Eichenfield, reported a "photonic ski-jump": a nanoscale waveguide monolithically integrated on a piezoelectric cantilever that passively curls about 90° out of plane within a footprint under 0.1 mm². It emits a sub-micrometre, broadband, diffraction-limited beam and shows kilohertz-rate mechanical resonances with quality factors above 10,000. Fabricated on 200 mm wafers in a volume CMOS foundry, the device reaches footprint-adjusted spot rates of 68.6 mega-spots s⁻¹ mm⁻² at CMOS-level voltages — equivalent to a 1-megapixel display at 100 Hz from 1.5 mm², and more than 50× beyond state-of-the-art MEMS mirrors. The team demonstrated full-color image and video projection, and the initialization and readout of single photons from silicon-vacancy centers in diamond waveguides. Published in Nature.
Coverage / 報道: MIT RLE | AZoQuantum
Related keywords: photonic integrated circuit, 光集積回路, PIC, beam scanning, ビーム走査, photonic ski-jump, piezoelectric cantilever, 圧電カンチレバー, MEMS, diffraction-limited, 回折限界, LiDAR, ライダー, free-space optics, 自由空間光学, silicon vacancy center, シリコン空孔中心, SiV, diamond photonics, ダイヤモンドフォトニクス, single photon, 単一光子, CMOS foundry, CMOSファウンドリ, Lissajous scanning, リサジュー走査, Dirk Englund, MIT, MITRE, Nature
When light hits a carbon-based photovoltaic material it creates an exciton — a tightly bound electron–hole pair — which must split into free charges quickly to avoid wasting energy. Conventional theory held that ultrafast charge separation required a large energy offset between donor and acceptor plus strong electronic coupling, conditions that themselves cost voltage and efficiency.
Pratyush Ghosh, Akshay Rao and colleagues at Cambridge's Cavendish Laboratory and Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, with collaborators in Belgium, Italy, Sweden, Poland and the US, deliberately built a system that should have been slow: a polymer donor next to a non-fullerene acceptor with a small driving force. Instead the electron crossed the interface in about 18 femtoseconds — within a single molecular vibration, and at essentially the same pace as the atoms themselves move. Rather than drifting diffusively, the charge is launched in one coherent burst, with a specific vibrational mode actively driving the transfer (a vibronic, sub-cycle mechanism). Ghosh: we are watching electrons migrate on the same clock as the atoms. Rao frames the implication as a design shift — instead of suppressing molecular motion, engineer materials that exploit the right modes. Published in Nature Communications.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | St John's College, Cambridge
Related keywords: charge transfer, 電荷移動, ultrafast spectroscopy, 超高速分光, femtosecond, フェムト秒, exciton dissociation, 励起子解離, vibronic coupling, 振電相互作用, coherent dynamics, コヒーレントダイナミクス, non-fullerene acceptor, 非フラーレンアクセプター, organic solar cell, 有機太陽電池, photodetector, 光検出器, photocatalysis, 光触媒, driving force, 駆動力, Marcus theory, マーカス理論, Pratyush Ghosh, Akshay Rao, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Nature Communications
Thermal photodetectors (thermoelectric and pyroelectric) can in principle detect any wavelength, since the absorber sets the selectivity, and they need no cooling or external power. Their weakness has always been speed: thermal diffusion normally confines them to the nano- to microsecond range, hundreds to thousands of times slower than semiconductor photodiodes.
Eunso Shin, Maiken H. Mikkelsen and colleagues at Duke University coupled a thin, thermally sensitive aluminum nitride (AlN) pyroelectric layer to a plasmonic nanogap metasurface: silver nanocubes sitting on a transparent spacer just 10 nm above a gold film. Light striking a nanocube excites the silver's electrons and is trapped as a plasmonic resonance whose frequency is set by cube size and spacing, so the absorber is both efficient and spectrally selective — and so thin that little pyroelectric material is needed. The detectors reach 3 dB bandwidths up to 2.8 GHz, i.e. a 125 ps rise time, while keeping competitive responsivity and noise-equivalent powers as low as 96 pW Hz⁻¹ᐟ². Device-area studies show even the smallest devices are RC-limited, and simulations suggest thermal response times as short as 30 ps are reachable. Published in Advanced Functional Materials.
Coverage / 報道: EurekAlert!(Duke University) | Phys.org
Related keywords: pyroelectric detector, 焦電検出器, thermal photodetector, 熱型光検出器, metasurface, メタサーフェス, plasmonics, プラズモニクス, nanogap cavity, ナノギャップ共振器, silver nanocube, 銀ナノキューブ, aluminum nitride, 窒化アルミニウム, AlN, bandwidth, 帯域幅, picosecond, ピコ秒, noise equivalent power, 雑音等価電力, NEP, multispectral imaging, マルチスペクトル撮像, polarimetry, 偏光計測, long-wave infrared, 長波長赤外, Maiken Mikkelsen, Duke University, Advanced Functional Materials
A U.S. Department of Energy-sponsored report argues that the path to commercial fusion power hinges on an unglamorous but decisive capability: measuring what the plasma is actually doing. Temperature, density and moment-to-moment behavior determine whether a reaction is sustained or drifts off course, and the sensors that track them — diagnostics — have not kept pace with the reactor concepts they must serve.
The report emerged from the DOE Fusion Energy Sciences program's 2024 Basic Research Needs Workshop on Measurement Innovation, which convened about 70 researchers from universities, national laboratories and private fusion companies. It sets out findings across seven priority areas spanning low-temperature plasma, high-energy-density plasma, plasma–material interaction, burning plasma and full-scale pilot plants, and calls for tougher, faster sensors able to survive inside operating reactors. Luis Delgado-Aparicio, head of advanced projects at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, noted that measurement innovations have repeatedly driven breakthroughs in plasma science and expects the report to shape both public and private fusion programs. This is a roadmap and funding argument rather than a new experimental result.
Coverage / 報道: YourWeather
Related keywords: fusion energy, 核融合エネルギー, plasma diagnostics, プラズマ計測, plasma diagnostics sensors, 診断装置, burning plasma, 燃焼プラズマ, high-energy-density plasma, 高エネルギー密度プラズマ, plasma-material interaction, プラズマ・材料相互作用, low-temperature plasma, 低温プラズマ, pilot plant, パイロットプラント, tokamak, トカマク, DOE, Fusion Energy Sciences, FES, Basic Research Needs, PPPL, プリンストン・プラズマ物理研究所, Luis Delgado-Aparicio, roadmap, ロードマップ
A team led by Xiaodi Tan at Fujian Normal University has demonstrated a holographic data storage scheme that encodes information in three properties of light at once — amplitude, phase and polarization — rather than the one or two dimensions used in conventional systems. Unlike hard drives or optical discs, which write data onto a flat surface, holographic storage embeds overlapping light patterns throughout the volume of a recording material, which raises both capacity and transfer rate.
The team refined a technique called tensor-based polarization holography, which preserves the polarization state during reconstruction, and combined it with a double-phase hologram method so that a single phase-only spatial light modulator can imprint amplitude, phase and polarization on the optical field simultaneously. Because ordinary sensors measure only intensity, decoding was handled by a convolutional neural network trained on two complementary diffraction images (one taken through a vertical polarizer, one without), which recovers all three channels at once and removes the need for step-by-step measurement. The work appeared in Optica.
Coverage / 報道: Optica Newsroom | ScienceDaily
Related keywords: holographic data storage, ホログラフィックデータストレージ, polarization holography, 偏光ホログラフィー, amplitude, 振幅, phase, 位相, polarization, 偏光, spatial light modulator, 空間光変調器, SLM, double-phase hologram, ダブルフェーズホログラム, convolutional neural network, 畳み込みニューラルネットワーク, CNN, deep learning, 深層学習, optical encryption, 光暗号化, data density, 記録密度, Xiaodi Tan, Fujian Normal University, 福建師範大学, Optica
An MIT-led team working with the CMS detector has reported the first measurement of D⁰ meson photoproduction in ultraperipheral heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. Instead of studying head-on collisions, the group singled out events in which two nuclei barely miss each other and a photon from one nucleus's electromagnetic field strikes the other — so-called photonuclear interactions. Since the LHC began operating in 2008, such glancing events had largely been treated as background to be suppressed.
By developing a real-time algorithm to isolate these events in the detector's trigger, the team was able to identify D⁰ mesons — particles containing a charm quark, which is not present in ordinary nuclear matter — produced by the photon striking the nucleus. Because the photon's energy and the resulting charm production are sensitive to the distribution of gluons inside the nucleus, the technique effectively turns the collider into a high-resolution probe of the strong force. The results were published in Physical Review Letters.
Coverage / 報道: MIT News | Phys.org
Related keywords: ultraperipheral collision, 超周辺衝突, UPC, photoproduction, 光生成, photonuclear interaction, 光核反応, D0 meson, D0中間子, charm quark, チャームクォーク, gluon distribution, グルーオン分布, strong force, 強い相互作用, QCD, 量子色力学, CMS, LHC, 大型ハドロン衝突型加速器, heavy ion, 重イオン, MIT, trigger algorithm, トリガーアルゴリズム, Electron-Ion Collider, 電子イオン衝突型加速器, Physical Review Letters
Researchers at Kyushu University and Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz reported a molecular system that produces more excited states than the number of photons it absorbs, reaching an effective quantum yield of about 130%. The scheme relies on singlet fission, in which one high-energy singlet exciton splits into two lower-energy triplet excitons — a route long seen as a way past the Shockley–Queisser limit that caps single-junction solar cells near 33%.
The long-standing obstacle has been harvesting the doubled triplets before Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) steals the energy. The team paired tetracene-based singlet-fission dimers with a purpose-designed molybdenum complex that acts as a near-infrared-emissive "spin-flip" emitter: because an electron spin flips during absorption or emission, the complex is spin-matched to accept triplet energy while ignoring the wasteful FRET channel. The structure of the molecular linker joining the light-absorbing units turned out to strongly govern transfer efficiency. The demonstration was in solution; the authors are now working toward solid-state devices for photovoltaics, LEDs and quantum technologies. The study appeared in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.
Coverage / 報道: ScienceDaily(九州大学) | Interesting Engineering
Related keywords: singlet fission, 一重項分裂, exciton, 励起子, triplet, 三重項, quantum yield, 量子収率, Shockley-Queisser limit, ショックレー・クワイサー限界, spin-flip emitter, スピンフリップ発光体, molybdenum complex, モリブデン錯体, tetracene, テトラセン, FRET, フェルスター共鳴エネルギー移動, near-infrared, 近赤外, solar cell, 太陽電池, photovoltaics, 光起電力, Kyushu University, 九州大学, JGU Mainz, Nobuo Kimizuka, 君塚信夫, JACS
γ Cassiopeiae, the naked-eye star at the center of the W of Cassiopeia, has emitted X-rays roughly 40 times brighter and far hotter (plasma above 100 million K) than expected for an ordinary massive star ever since the discovery was made in 1976. Two explanations competed for five decades: magnetic interaction between the rapidly rotating Be star and its decretion disk, or accretion of disk material onto an unseen compact companion. About 20 further "γ Cas analogs" have since been found, more than half of them identified by the University of Liège group.
Using the Resolve microcalorimeter aboard Japan's XRISM, a team led by Yaël Nazé (Liège), with Masahiro Tsujimoto (JAXA/ISAS) and colleagues, monitored γ Cas at three well-chosen orbital phases. The Doppler shifts of the ultra-hot plasma lines and of the cooler fluorescent Fe K line track the orbital motion of the low-mass companion, not of the Be star — the first direct kinematic link between the hard X-ray plasma and the companion. The modest line broadening further places the fluorescence on the white dwarf's surface and rules out X-ray production in the inner accretion disk. γ Cas and its analogs are thus identified as the long-predicted but never confirmed class of Be + white-dwarf binaries. Published in Astronomy & Astrophysics.
Coverage / 報道: ESA | Phys.org | Astronomy Now
Related keywords: gamma Cassiopeiae, ガンマ・カシオペヤ座, γ Cas, Be star, Be型星, white dwarf, 白色矮星, XRISM, Resolve, microcalorimeter, マイクロカロリメータ, X-ray spectroscopy, X線分光, Fe K line, 鉄K輝線, fluorescence, 蛍光, accretion, 降着, decretion disc, 放出円盤, binary system, 連星系, Doppler shift, ドップラーシフト, Yaël Nazé, University of Liège, JAXA, 辻本匡弘, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Since the 1970s astronomers have known that as stars ascend the red giant branch, their surface chemistry changes — most notably the carbon-12 to carbon-13 ratio drops. That requires material processed by nuclear reactions in the deep interior to reach the surface, but a stably stratified barrier layer sits between the burning region and the convective envelope, and earlier simulations found that internal gravity waves crossing it transported far too little material to explain the observations.
Simon Blouin, Falk Herwig and colleagues at the University of Victoria and the University of Minnesota ran high-resolution three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations on the TACC supercomputers and the Trillium cluster at SciNet (Toronto), this time including stellar rotation. Rotation dramatically amplifies the efficiency with which the waves mix material across the barrier — mixing rates exceeding non-rotating cases by more than a factor of 100, and growing with faster rotation. This provides a natural, physically grounded explanation for the chemical signatures seen in ordinary red giants. Published in Nature Astronomy.
Coverage / 報道: ScienceDaily(University of Victoria) | Phys.org
Related keywords: red giant branch, 赤色巨星分枝, RGB, stellar rotation, 星の自転, internal gravity waves, 内部重力波, wave-driven mixing, 波による混合, extra mixing, 追加混合, carbon isotope ratio, 炭素同位体比, C12/C13, stellar evolution, 恒星進化, hydrodynamical simulation, 流体シミュレーション, 3D simulation, supercomputer, スーパーコンピュータ, TACC, Trillium, Simon Blouin, Falk Herwig, University of Victoria, Nature Astronomy
At 12:30 UT on 21 March 2026 the Wide-field X-ray Telescope aboard China's Einstein Probe caught the onset of a soft X-ray transient, EP260321a, from a galaxy about 500 million light-years away (z = 0.0344). An automatic alert went out within minutes, and optical/near-infrared imaging began about 10 hours after the trigger, revealing a rapidly brightening supernova later designated SN 2026gzf. Two teams — led by Brendan O'Connor (Carnegie Mellon) and Jillian Rastinejad (Maryland) — independently identified the flash as a shock breakout: the moment the explosion's shock wave bursts through the star's surface and releases its first light.
Shock breakouts should accompany every core-collapse supernova but last only seconds to hours, and only one other clear X-ray example (SN 2008D) had been confirmed in two decades. EP260321a peaked at about 10⁴⁵ erg s⁻¹ with a soft thermal spectrum (kT ≈ 130 eV), roughly ten times fainter than low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts such as GRB 060218. Spectra from SALT and the Hobby-Eberly Telescope classified SN 2026gzf as a broad-lined Type Ic, the class normally associated with gamma-ray bursts — yet deep Chandra and VLA follow-up detected no relativistic jet, suggesting the jet was "choked" by the star's envelope or by circumstellar material. It is the first high-energy breakout flash linked to an Ic-BL supernova with no relativistic outflow, widening the known ways stripped massive stars can die. Published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
Source / 出典: O'Connor, B. et al., "EP260321a/SN 2026gzf: The Faintest Shock Breakout Associated with a Broad-Lined Supernova," The Astrophysical Journal Letters (2026), arXiv:2606.09992(並行して J. Rastinejad 氏らのチームによる論文も The Astrophysical Journal Letters に掲載。Rastinejad, J.C. et al., “A Multi-Wavelength View of the First Type Ic-BL Supernova with an Einstein Probe X-ray Shock Breakout”: arXiv:2606.10011)
Coverage / 報道: NSF NOIRLab | Carnegie Mellon University
Related keywords: Einstein Probe, アインシュタイン・プローブ, EP260321a, SN 2026gzf, shock breakout, ショックブレイクアウト, supernova, 超新星, Type Ic-BL, 広輝線Ic型, fast X-ray transient, 高速X線トランジェント, choked jet, 窒息ジェット, gamma-ray burst, ガンマ線バースト, GRB 060218, SN 2008D, Chandra, チャンドラ, VLA, core collapse, 重力崩壊, stripped-envelope, 外層剥離星, Brendan O'Connor, Jillian Rastinejad, ApJ Letters
The Association for Computing Machinery named Charles H. Bennett (IBM Research) and Gilles Brassard (Université de Montréal) recipients of the 2025 ACM A.M. Turing Award — often called the Nobel Prize of computing, and carrying a US$1 million prize funded by Google — for establishing the foundations of quantum information science and transforming secure communication and computing. It is the first time the award has explicitly honored work rooted in quantum physics.
In 1984, building on ideas from their late collaborator Stephen Wiesner, the pair introduced BB84, the first practical quantum key distribution protocol, in the paper "Quantum Cryptography: Public Key Distribution and Coin Tossing." BB84 showed that two parties can establish a shared secret key whose security rests on the laws of physics rather than on computational hardness assumptions — and therefore holds even against an adversary with a large-scale quantum computer, since any eavesdropping disturbs the quantum states and is detectable. With collaborators they also introduced quantum teleportation (1993) and entanglement distillation, which underpin present-day work on quantum networks and error correction. Bennett and Brassard had previously shared the Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics.
Coverage / 報道: CNN | The Quantum Insider
Related keywords: Turing Award, チューリング賞, ACM, Charles Bennett, チャールズ・ベネット, Gilles Brassard, ジル・ブラッサール, BB84, quantum key distribution, 量子鍵配送, QKD, quantum cryptography, 量子暗号, quantum teleportation, 量子テレポーテーション, entanglement distillation, エンタングルメント蒸留, Stephen Wiesner, quantum information science, 量子情報科学, post-quantum, 耐量子, IBM Research, Université de Montréal
Young giant planets and brown dwarfs can look almost identical through a telescope: their brightness, temperature and even atmospheric spectra overlap, leaving astronomers unsure whether they are seeing an oversized planet or an undersized "failed star." A Northwestern-led team used Keck Observatory's KPIC high-resolution spectrograph to measure projected rotational velocities (v sin i) for 32 substellar and stellar objects, including 6 giant planets (2–7 M_Jup) and 25 companions spanning 12–88 M_Jup — the largest such survey to date.
Combining these with literature measurements gave a curated sample of 43 benchmark companions plus 54 free-floating brown dwarfs and planetary-mass objects. Parameterizing spins as a fraction of breakup velocity at 10 Myr under constant angular-momentum evolution, the team found the first clear evidence that giant planets spin distinctly faster than low-mass brown dwarf companions (10–40 M_Jup), at 4–4.5σ if inclinations are aligned with the orbits (1.6–2.1σ under randomly oriented inclinations). "Spin is a fossil record of how a planet formed," said lead author Chih-Chun Hsu; the result suggests the two populations form and evolve along distinct paths, and that rotation may serve as a new classification diagnostic. Published in The Astronomical Journal.
Coverage / 報道: Northwestern University | Phys.org
Related keywords: brown dwarf, 褐色矮星, giant planet, 巨大惑星, exoplanet, 系外惑星, rotation, 自転, spin, スピン, v sin i, 視線方向自転速度, angular momentum, 角運動量, breakup velocity, 分裂限界速度, high-resolution spectroscopy, 高分散分光, KPIC, Keck Observatory, ケック天文台, direct imaging, 直接撮像, planet formation, 惑星形成, Chih-Chun Hsu, Jason Wang, Northwestern, CIERA, Astronomical Journal
When a charged particle is accelerated it radiates, and that radiation pushes back on the particle — radiation reaction. In everyday regimes the recoil is tiny and a classical correction to the Lorentz force suffices, but in extreme fields the electron absorbs and emits many photons and the dynamics become probabilistic, requiring strong-field quantum electrodynamics. Which of several approximate quantum models is correct had remained untested because previous experiments lacked statistical significance.
An Imperial College London-led collaboration, with the University of York, Queen's University Belfast, and theorists Tom Blackburn and Mattias Marklund at Chalmers and Gothenburg, used the dual-beam Gemini laser at the UK's Central Laser Facility (Rutherford Appleton Laboratory). One beam drove a laser-wakefield accelerator in a gas jet to produce near-light-speed electrons; the second, ultra-intense beam collided with them head-on. The team reports a 5σ observation of radiation reaction and quantitative evidence favoring quantum over classical descriptions — the electrons lose energy in discrete photon bursts, so severely that only a quantum treatment fits. The results feed directly into models of physics near neutron stars and black holes, and into designs for next-generation colliders and inverse-Compton photon sources. Published in Nature Communications.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org(Chalmers) | Imperial College London | STFC Central Laser Facility
Related keywords: radiation reaction, 放射反作用, quantum radiation reaction, 量子的放射反作用, strong-field QED, 強場量子電磁力学, Landau-Lifshitz, ランダウ・リフシッツ, ultra-intense laser, 超高強度レーザー, Gemini laser, laser wakefield acceleration, レーザー航跡場加速, inverse Compton, 逆コンプトン, electron beam, 電子ビーム, Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Imperial College London, Chalmers, neutron star, 中性子星, black hole, ブラックホール, Nature Communications
Sunlight and atmospheric scattering are among the biggest obstacles to long-range optical sensing: background photons swamp the return signal. Researchers at the University of Bristol have shown that ideas developed for quantum sensing can be carried over into an ordinary (non-entangled) laser system to suppress that background while preserving signal strength.
Their frequency-agile scheme carries over the correlation-based discrimination exploited in entanglement-based protocols into a classical laser system, suppressing uncorrelated solar background while keeping the return signal strong. The team validated the method outdoors against several landmark buildings on the university campus, reaching sub-millimeter distance accuracy under strong solar illumination. Co-author Alex Clark noted that the next steps are extending the working range and miniaturizing the fiber-optic setup using integrated photonics. Potential applications include lidar for autonomous vehicles, high-precision surveying, infrastructure monitoring, navigation and positioning, and long-range measurement for space missions. Published in Nature Communications.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org(University of Bristol)
Related keywords: rangefinding, 測距, LiDAR, ライダー, quantum sensing, 量子センシング, quantum illumination, 量子照明, entanglement-inspired, エンタングルメント着想, frequency agility, 周波数アジャイル, background suppression, 背景光抑圧, solar background, 太陽背景光, sub-millimeter accuracy, サブミリ精度, integrated photonics, 集積フォトニクス, autonomous vehicles, 自動運転, surveying, 測量, University of Bristol, ブリストル大学, Alex Clark, Nature Communications
Lithium dendrites are needle-like metallic structures that grow from the anode during repeated charging and can pierce the separator, causing short circuits, capacity loss and, in the worst case, fires. Despite decades of study, their fundamental nanomechanical properties had never been measured directly, because bulk lithium is soft and ductile and because lithium reacts with even trace air, altering its chemistry and structure on contact.
A team led by Jun Lou at Rice University, with collaborators at Georgia Tech, the University of Houston, NJIT and the Institute of High Performance Computing in Singapore, grew dendrites on a copper TEM grid inside a working liquid-electrolyte cell, then built an airtight transfer box housing an in-SEM nanoindenter so individual dendrites — a few hundred nanometers across, over 100× thinner than a human hair — could be moved and tested without air exposure. Tensile tests in the scanning electron microscope revealed remarkably high fracture strength, a high modulus and brittle fracture, contrary to the assumption that dendrites behave like bulk lithium. The solid electrolyte interphase that sheathes them as they form contributes to this stiffness. The findings help explain solid-electrolyte penetration, poor interfacial contact and "dead lithium" in solid-state batteries, and imply that simply using mechanically stronger separators may not be enough. Published in Science.
Coverage / 報道: Rice University | Phys.org | NJIT
Related keywords: lithium dendrite, リチウムデンドライト, 樹枝状結晶, lithium-ion battery, リチウムイオン電池, lithium metal battery, リチウム金属電池, solid-state battery, 全固体電池, nanomechanics, ナノ力学, nanoindentation, ナノインデンテーション, tensile test, 引張試験, fracture strength, 破壊強度, brittle fracture, 脆性破壊, Young's modulus, ヤング率, solid electrolyte interphase, 固体電解質界面, SEI, dead lithium, 死んだリチウム, separator, セパレータ, short circuit, 短絡, thermal runaway, 熱暴走, Jun Lou, Rice University, Science
An international team led by Eduardo Iani (Institute of Science and Technology Austria) has used the James Webb Space Telescope to identify two compact dwarf galaxies, nicknamed Pelias and Neleus, at redshifts z ≈ 0.71 and 0.75, that appear to host deeply embedded, actively accreting black holes. Despite having stellar masses of only about 10⁷ solar masses — among the smallest galaxies ever found to harbor an active galactic nucleus — the galaxies show a strong mid-infrared excess in JWST/MIRI photometry that cannot be explained by stars or star-formation-heated dust alone, pointing to a hot-dust component around a dust-obscured black hole.
The black holes are "overmassive" relative to their tiny hosts, extending the puzzle JWST first raised in the early universe — that some black holes grew far faster than their galaxies — into intermediate cosmic times. The authors argue the observations are consistent with rapid, dust-enshrouded (possibly super-Eddington) growth, and note that follow-up with X-ray telescopes (Chandra, the future Athena), ALMA, the Roman Space Telescope, and ELT-class observatories will be needed to determine how common such systems are. The study, submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics, is available on arXiv.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | Universe Today
Related keywords: overmassive black hole, 過大質量ブラックホール, dwarf galaxy, 矮小銀河, supermassive black hole, 超大質量ブラックホール, active galactic nucleus, 活動銀河核, AGN, JWST, James Webb Space Telescope, ジェイムズ・ウェッブ宇宙望遠鏡, MIRI, NIRSpec, dust-obscured, 塵に隠された, super-Eddington accretion, 超エディントン降着, Pelias, Neleus, Eduardo Iani, ISTA, redshift, 赤方偏移, black hole growth, ブラックホール成長, galaxy evolution, 銀河進化
Researchers at the University of Central Florida's CREOL, led by Prof. Andrea Blanco-Redondo with doctoral student Javad Zakeri and Armando Perez-Leija, have demonstrated a scalable way to generate high-dimensional entanglement between topologically protected modes of light. Their platform uses carefully designed silicon photonic waveguide "topological superlattices" that support the nonlinear generation of energy-time-entangled photon pairs across a superposition of multiple topological modes, rather than just one. Because topological modes are protected by the global structure of the system, the entangled states inherit robustness against fabrication imperfections and disorder.
Entangling multiple topologically protected modes had been considered a fundamental limit; the team overcame it by displacing waveguides into a configuration that co-localizes many protected modes at once — likened to rearranging furniture in a room rather than building something more elaborate. The result is a larger capacity to encode quantum information resiliently, a promising route for scalable quantum computing and sensing. The work was published in Science.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | UCF | EurekAlert!
Related keywords: topological photonics, トポロジカルフォトニクス, high-dimensional entanglement, 高次元エンタングルメント, topological protection, トポロジカル保護, silicon photonics, シリコンフォトニクス, superlattice, 超格子, energy-time entanglement, エネルギー時間エンタングルメント, photon pair, 光子対, waveguide, 導波路, quantum computing, 量子コンピュータ, quantum sensing, 量子センシング, Andrea Blanco-Redondo, Javad Zakeri, UCF, CREOL, Science
Vineesha Srivastava, Sven Jandura, Gavin Brennen and Guido Pupillo (University of Strasbourg / CNRS and Macquarie University) proposed a deterministic protocol that prepares entangled states in the symmetric "Dicke" subspace of up to about 100 spins coupled to a common optical cavity mode, enabling measurement precision well beyond the standard quantum limit. Crucially, the scheme is designed to stay optimally robust even when accounting for realistic noise — photon cavity loss, spontaneous emission and dephasing accumulated during state preparation and signal accumulation.
The protocol combines a new geometric phase gate for exact unitary control on the Dicke subspace, an analytic solution of the noisy quantum-channel dynamics, and optimal-control methods, relying on short, globally applied control sequences rather than individual atom addressing. The authors say driving the cavity strongly to build multi-qubit gates should be experimentally simpler than schemes that address atoms one by one, and can generate large-scale entanglement on tens-of-nanoseconds timescales with neutral atoms. The work was published in Physical Review Letters.
Source / 出典: Srivastava, V., Jandura, S., Brennen, G.K. & Pupillo, G., "Entanglement-enhanced quantum sensing via optimal global control with neutral atoms in a cavity," Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 060806 (2026). arXiv:2409.12932※APS発行DOIは本項執筆時点で未確認。arXiv版を一次ソースとして参照。
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org
Related keywords: quantum sensing, 量子センシング, quantum metrology, 量子計測, entanglement, エンタングルメント, Dicke states, ディッケ状態, cavity QED, キャビティ量子電磁力学, neutral atoms, 中性原子, standard quantum limit, 標準量子限界, Heisenberg limit, ハイゼンベルグ限界, geometric phase gate, 幾何学的位相ゲート, optimal control, 最適制御, decoherence, デコヒーレンス, Guido Pupillo, University of Strasbourg, Macquarie University, Physical Review Letters
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, led by Prof. Floriana Lombardi, showed that the surface texture of a supporting substrate can raise the operating temperature of a thin-film superconductor while keeping it robust in strong magnetic fields. They grew ultrathin films (only a few nanometers thick) of the cuprate YBa₂Cu₃O₇₋δ (YBCO) on a magnesium-oxide (MgO) substrate patterned with a nanoscale "faceted" pattern of tiny ridges and grooves. This template controls how the atoms in the superconductor arrange themselves, and at the interface an electronic structure emerges that supports superconductivity at higher temperatures than previously possible for such films.
Rather than chemically doping the material — which is hard to tune after fabrication in cuprates — the team effectively engineered the superconductivity through geometry. Because superconductors carry current with zero resistive loss, and ICT infrastructure already consumes roughly 6–12% of global electricity, more robust high-temperature superconductors could enable far more energy-efficient electronics, power grids and quantum devices. The study was published in Nature Communications.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | Chalmers University | EurekAlert!
Related keywords: high-temperature superconductor, 高温超伝導体, cuprate, 銅酸化物, YBCO, YBa2Cu3O7, thin film, 薄膜, nanofaceted substrate, ナノファセット基板, MgO, strain engineering, ひずみエンジニアリング, magnetic field, 磁場, energy-efficient electronics, 省エネ電子機器, Chalmers University, Floriana Lombardi, Nature Communications, condensed matter, 凝縮系物理学
In a programmatic paper in PNAS, a group of physicists, chemists and materials scientists laid out a strategy for systematically pursuing a practical room-temperature superconductor — a material that would carry electricity with zero resistance under everyday conditions. Rather than reporting a single new material, the paper synthesizes the current state of the field and argues that scattered, trial-and-error searches should be replaced by a coordinated program that tightly links theory, computational simulation and experiment.
The authors emphasize modern AI and high-throughput simulation methods as tools to predict promising candidate compounds and guide synthesis, and they call on the worldwide research community to join forces to systematically push the limits of superconductivity toward room temperature. The piece is a roadmap and appeal rather than a discovery, but it frames how the field's recent record-setting results might be turned into usable technology. It was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org
Related keywords: room-temperature superconductor, 室温超伝導体, superconductivity, 超伝導, research agenda, 研究戦略, roadmap, ロードマップ, materials discovery, 材料探索, AI, machine learning, 機械学習, high-throughput simulation, ハイスループットシミュレーション, theory and experiment, 理論と実験, PNAS, condensed matter physics, 凝縮系物理学
A Harvard-led team (first author Pieter-Jan Stas, in the group of Mikhail Lukin) demonstrated how distributed quantum entanglement could enable optical interferometry at the single-photon level across a quantum network — a proof-of-concept step toward telescope arrays with far higher resolution. Using entangled quantum memories built from silicon-vacancy centers in diamond nanocavities, the researchers performed a non-local differential phase measurement of weak incoming light between two spatially separated stations connected by a fiber link with a baseline of up to 1.55 km.
The protocol combines event-ready remote entanglement, "photon mode erasure" that hides the which-path information of separately arriving optical modes, and non-local, non-destructive photon heralding. In conventional long-baseline optical interferometry — the technique that, at radio wavelengths, produced the first image of a black hole (M87, 2019) — sensitivity at low light levels is limited by quantum noise and photon loss; distributing entanglement is a route to overcome those limits. Applications range from long-baseline astronomy to microscopy. The study was published in Nature.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org
Related keywords: quantum interferometry, 量子干渉計, optical interferometry, 光干渉計, entanglement, エンタングルメント, quantum network, 量子ネットワーク, quantum memory, 量子メモリ, silicon-vacancy center, シリコン空孔中心, diamond nanocavity, ダイヤモンドナノキャビティ, single photon, 単一光子, long-baseline astronomy, 長基線天文学, telescope array, 望遠鏡アレイ, Pieter-Jan Stas, Mikhail Lukin, Harvard, Nature
Scientists from the University of Warsaw, the Military University of Technology (Poland), and Université Clermont Auvergne (CNRS, France) have created "optical tornadoes" — laser vortices carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) — inside an extremely small liquid crystal structure called a toron. A toron is a self-organizing topological defect in liquid crystals that acts as a natural optical trap by generating a synthetic magnetic field for photons. By placing this toron inside an optical microcavity (a mirror-based structure that confines light), the team achieved ground-state OAM lasing for the first time ever — meaning the vortex light appeared in the lowest-energy state, not in an excited state as in all previous systems.
The key advantage is simplicity: instead of building complex nanostructures, the team used self-organizing liquid crystal materials whose vortex properties can be tuned with an external electric voltage. This opens a pathway toward simpler, scalable photonic devices for optical communication, quantum technologies, and microscopic object manipulation. The research was published in Science Advances.
Source / 出典: Muszyński, M. et al., Science Advances 12, eaeb6167 (2026). DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aeb6167
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | EurekAlert! | GeneOnline
Related keywords: optical tornado, 光の竜巻, optical vortex, 光渦, liquid crystal toron, 液晶トロン, orbital angular momentum, 軌道角運動量, synthetic magnetic field, 合成磁場, nanophotonics, ナノフォトニクス, microcavity, マイクロキャビティ, ground-state lasing, 基底状態レーザー, University of Warsaw, Clermont Auvergne, polariton, ポラリトン, quantum communication, 量子通信
A research team led by Prof. Ido Kaminer at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology has achieved the first direct measurement of "dark points" (optical phase singularities) within light waves, confirming a 50-year-old theoretical prediction that these features can move faster than the speed of light. Published in Nature, the study used a uniquely developed ultrafast electron microscopy system at the Technion's Electron Microscopy Center, achieving record spatial and temporal resolution (few-tens-of-nanometers and three-femtosecond timescales).
The "dark points" are zero-amplitude locations (vortices) in wave interference patterns — they carry no mass, energy, or information, meaning their superluminal motion does not violate Einstein's relativity. The experiments were conducted in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), where light converts into polaritons (hybrid light-sound waves) that move ~100 times slower than light in vacuum, creating an ideal environment for tracking vortex dynamics. The team tracked ~50 singularities per frame across a 21×21 µm field over 800 femtoseconds, including dramatic pair-annihilation events with apparent superluminal acceleration. The result represents a universal law applying to all wave types — from sound and fluid flows to superconductors — and provides a powerful new nanoscale diagnostic tool. This is an extensive international collaboration involving the Technion, Bar-Ilan University, MIT, Harvard, Stanford, SIOM, Milano-Bicocca, and ICFO.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | EurekAlert! | The Debrief | StudyFinds
Related keywords: superluminal dark points, 超光速暗点, phase singularity, 位相特異点, optical vortex, 光渦, polariton, ポラリトン, hexagonal boron nitride, 六方晶窒化ホウ素, hBN, electron microscopy, 電子顕微鏡, relativity, 相対性理論, Technion, Ido Kaminer, Tomer Bucher, Bar-Ilan University, MIT, Harvard, Stanford, ICFO, femtosecond, フェムト秒, nanoscale, ナノスケール, wave interference, 波の干渉
Researchers at Drexel University have discovered that simple liquids — fluids that flow freely — can fracture like solid objects when stretched with enough force. Published in Physical Review Letters, the study shows that viscous liquids undergo brittle fracture at a critical stress of approximately 2 megapascals (MPa). This had never before been observed in a simple liquid and challenges long-held assumptions in fluid mechanics, where fracture was considered a property exclusive to solids and elastic materials.
The team first observed the phenomenon in tar-like hydrocarbon blends during extensional rheology tests, and confirmed it in styrene oligomer at the same viscosity. The fracture produced a loud snapping noise audible to researchers. By varying temperature to change viscosity, they found a consistent critical stress threshold, suggesting this behavior may be universal across all simple liquids. The mechanism may be related to cavitation — the formation and rapid collapse of vapor bubbles under tension. Applications range from 3D printing and fiber spinning to hydraulic systems and biomedical fluid dynamics.
Coverage / 報道: Drexel University | Phys.org | ScienceDaily | Interesting Engineering
Related keywords: liquid fracture, 液体の破断, brittle fracture, 脆性破断, simple liquid, 単純液体, viscosity, 粘性, extensional rheology, 伸長レオロジー, critical stress, 臨界応力, fluid mechanics, 流体力学, cavitation, キャビテーション, Drexel University, Nicolas Alvarez, Thamires Lima, Physical Review Letters, 3D printing, 油圧システム
A team of researchers has demonstrated that soliton "bullets" — self-confined, propagating wave patterns that hold their shape — can be steered along two distinct diagonal paths in liquid crystal films by introducing controlled strain through opposing molecular alignments at cell surfaces. Published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), the study reveals that flexoelectric coupling between the liquid crystal molecules and applied electric fields creates asymmetric forces that guide soliton trajectories, with the propagation angle dynamically tunable via electric field frequency.
This finding illustrates a broader principle in materials science: the internal geometry and stress fields of a material can shape how energy moves through it. In this case, carefully designed strain fields turn a simple liquid-crystal film into a microscopic racetrack for solitons. Such control could eventually help researchers design active or autonomous materials that transport energy, particles, or signals without mechanical components, with potential applications in targeted micro-cargo delivery and information transport.
Source / 出典: de la Cotte, A. et al., PNAS (2026). DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2518064123
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org
Related keywords: soliton, ソリトン, soliton bullet, ソリトン弾丸, director bullet, ディレクターバレット, liquid crystal, 液晶, nematic, ネマチック, flexoelectric coupling, フレクソ電気結合, strain field, 歪み場, nonlinear physics, 非線形物理学, PNAS, active materials, 能動材料, micro-cargo, マイクロカーゴ
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has captured a spectacular new image of the Crab Nebula — 25 years after its first comprehensive observation. The result, published in The Astrophysical Journal, provides an unparalleled view of how this iconic supernova remnant (linked to the 1054 CE supernova recorded by Chinese astronomers) has expanded and evolved. Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3), installed in 2009, reveals extraordinary filamentary detail and measurable outward movement of the nebula's filaments at approximately 5.5 million km/h (3.4 million mph).
The filaments around the periphery have moved more than those near the center, and rather than stretching, they appear to have simply moved outward. This is because the Crab is a pulsar wind nebula: its expansion is driven not by shockwaves from the initial explosion, but by synchrotron radiation produced by the interaction between the central pulsar's magnetic field and the nebula's material. The new higher-resolution observations also provide additional insights into the 3D structure of the nebula and reveal two previously unidentified features nearly diametrically opposite the pulsar. Combined with James Webb Space Telescope infrared data from 2024, these observations will help build a more complete picture of the supernova's continuing aftermath.
Source / 出典: Blair, W.P. et al., "The Crab Nebula Revisited Using HST/WFC3," The Astrophysical Journal (2026). DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae2adc(NASA/ESA Hubble 発表: 2026年3月23日)
Coverage / 報道: ESA/Hubble | Phys.org | Live Science | Universe Today
Related keywords: Crab Nebula, かに星雲, M1, Messier 1, Hubble Space Telescope, ハッブル宇宙望遠鏡, Crab Pulsar, カニパルサー, PSR B0531+21, synchrotron radiation, シンクロトロン放射, pulsar wind nebula, パルサー風星雲, supernova remnant, 超新星残骸, filament expansion, フィラメント膨張, WFC3, William Blair, Johns Hopkins University, James Webb Space Telescope, 1054 CE supernova, 1054年超新星
A team led by Andrea Carminati, Professor of Soil Physics at ETH Zurich, and Tim Brodribb, Professor of Plant Physiology at the University of Tasmania, has discovered that a plant's water uptake limit is determined not by the plant itself, but by the physics of the soil. Published in Science, the study demonstrates that when soil water potential drops below -1.5 megapascals, capillary and viscous forces in soil pores increase to the point where plants cannot extract water fast enough to meet their needs — regardless of the plant's internal adaptations.
This finding provides a fundamental explanation for why decades of efforts to breed drought-resistant crops have had limited success: plant breeders have been optimizing plant physiology, but the real bottleneck lies in soil physics. The capillary physics that govern water movement through soil pores not only predict when soil becomes too dry but also what occurs high up in leaves. This convergence of soil physics and plant physiology offers a new framework for understanding how land plants function under drought conditions and could redirect agricultural strategies toward soil engineering and water management rather than solely modifying plant traits.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | myScience
Related keywords: soil physics, 土壌物理学, plant water uptake, 植物吸水, capillary force, 毛管力, negative water potential, 負の水ポテンシャル, drought tolerance, 乾燥耐性, wilting point, 永久萎凋点, ETH Zurich, Andrea Carminati, Tim Brodribb, University of Tasmania, Science, soil pore, 土壌孔隙, viscous force, 粘性力, drought-resistant crops, 乾燥耐性作物, soil engineering, 土壌工学
Scientists at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and UC Santa Barbara have demonstrated chip-scale laser and ion-trap components that could drastically shrink quantum computing hardware from room-sized systems to something the size of a deck of cards. The team replaced large, vibration-isolated precision lasers with small photonic chips based on ultra-low-loss silicon nitride, and showed for the first time that these integrated photonic lasers can control trapped ion qubits and drive optical clock operations at room temperature.
The achievement is comparable to the integrated circuit revolution of the 1970s–90s that shrank classical computers from room-sized machines to smartphones. The system already achieves high-fidelity qubit state preparation and measurement. The next goal is full monolithic integration — combining the ion trap chip, laser chip, optical cavity chip, and all photonics onto a single unified quantum system-on-a-chip, potentially enabling millions of qubits on one chip. The results were published in Nature Communications.
Source / 出典: Blumenthal, D.J., Niffenegger, R.J. et al., "Chip scale coil stabilized Brillouin laser driving a room temperature trapped ion qubit," Nature Communications (2026)(UCSB / UMass Amherst 発表。※本稿執筆時点でDOI未確認)
Coverage / 報道: The Quantum Insider | HPCwire | Mirage News
Related keywords: quantum computer miniaturization, 量子コンピュータ小型化, chip-scale quantum, チップスケール量子, integrated photonics, フォトニック集積, trapped ion qubit, イオントラップ量子ビット, system-on-chip, Robert Niffenegger, Daniel Blumenthal, UMass Amherst, UCSB, silicon nitride photonics, optical clock, 光時計, scalable quantum computing, スケーラブル量子コンピューティング
Quantum physicists at the Australian National University (ANU) have, for the first time, observed pairs of helium atoms entangled in motion — simultaneously existing in two places at once. Previous demonstrations of this phenomenon used photons (particles of light), but unlike photons, helium atoms have mass and are affected by gravity, making this a major experimental advancement.
The team cooled helium atoms to near absolute zero, collided two groups head-on, and observed that each atom traveled both paths simultaneously until the moment of measurement. The results violated Bell's inequality, ruling out any classical explanation. This opens new pathways for investigating the intersection of quantum mechanics and general relativity — one of the deepest unanswered questions in physics. The research was published in Nature Communications.
Coverage / 報道: ANU College of Science | Phys.org | TechEBlog
Related keywords: quantum superposition, 量子重ね合わせ, atom entanglement, 原子もつれ, helium atom, ヘリウム原子, Bell inequality violation, ベルの不等式の破れ, two places at once, 同時に2か所に存在, ANU, Australian National University, Sean Hodgman, Yogesh Sridhar, matter wave, 物質波, quantum gravity test, 量子重力検証
Researchers at the Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), University of Gdansk, and the Polish Academy of Sciences have introduced a universal self-testing scheme that can verify any quantum state or measurement — including mixed states and non-projective measurements — in a fully device-independent manner. The protocol places a device within a simple star-shaped quantum network and analyzes correlations between measurement outputs to determine whether the quantum properties match theoretical predictions, without trusting the device's internal workings.
This breakthrough directly addresses a critical challenge for quantum computing: how to verify that a remotely accessible quantum computer truly produces genuine quantum results. The scheme makes it possible to certify any quantum protocol as device-independent, dramatically improving security and reliability. The paper was published in Nature Physics.
Source / 出典: Sarkar, S., Orthey Jr, A.C. & Augusiak, R., Nature Physics (2026). DOI: 10.1038/s41567-026-03181-y
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org
Related keywords: quantum self-testing, 量子セルフテスト, device-independent verification, デバイス非依存検証, quantum state certification, 量子状態認証, star network, Bell nonlocality, ベル非局所性, POVM, quantum network, 量子ネットワーク, Shubhayan Sarkar, Nature Physics
Researchers at the University of Waterloo and the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics have developed a new framework for understanding the Big Bang using Quadratic Quantum Gravity — a theory that remains mathematically consistent even at the extremely high energies present at the universe's birth. Unlike most existing models that rely on Einstein's gravity plus additional components added by hand, this approach derives cosmic inflation naturally from the quantum gravitational theory itself, without extra ingredients.
The model predicts a minimum amount of primordial gravitational waves (a tensor-to-scalar ratio of at least 0.01), which may be detectable in upcoming CMB experiments. The theory is asymptotically free in the UV — analogous to quantum chromodynamics (QCD) — and general relativity emerges in the infrared as the theory becomes strongly coupled. Published in Physical Review Letters, this work offers a rare direct link between quantum gravity and experimentally testable predictions.
Coverage / 報道: University of Waterloo | Phys.org | The Debrief
Related keywords: quadratic gravity, 二次重力, Big Bang, ビッグバン, inflation, インフレーション, quantum gravity, 量子重力, Niayesh Afshordi, Perimeter Institute, ペリメーター研究所, Waterloo, primordial gravitational waves, 原始重力波, asymptotic freedom, 漸近的自由, CMB, Starobinsky inflation, renormalization group, 繰り込み群, UV completion, 紫外完備化
Physicists led by John Goold at Trinity College Dublin have developed a unified theoretical framework that explains both classical and quantum versions of the Mpemba effect — the counterintuitive phenomenon where systems further from equilibrium relax faster than those closer to it. First noticed in 1963 when Tanzanian student Erasto Mpemba observed hot ice cream freezing faster than cold, analogous effects have since been found in polymers, magnetic materials, and even trapped ions in quantum experiments.
Using resource theory from quantum information, the team showed that in each case, rapid relaxation occurs when a system's initial state has minimal overlap with the slowest relaxation mode, allowing it to bypass bottlenecks. This single principle — applicable to thermal energy, asymmetry, and quantum coherence — unifies previously disconnected phenomena and may guide engineering of ultrafast cooling techniques. Published in Physical Review X.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | Science / AAAS
Related keywords: Mpemba effect, ムペンバ効果, quantum Mpemba, 量子ムペンバ効果, resource theory, リソース理論, anomalous relaxation, 異常緩和, non-equilibrium physics, 非平衡物理学, John Goold, Trinity College Dublin, ultrafast cooling, 超高速冷却, Liouvillian dynamics, symmetry restoration, 対称性回復, thermalization, 熱化
Researchers at the University of Manchester have developed a physics-based AI approach that, for the first time, enables accurate global-scale predictions of how dissolved organic carbon moves between seawater and marine sediments — a previously unquantifiable component of Earth's carbon cycle. The team trained AI emulators to reproduce the behavior of complex mechanistic models that are normally too computationally demanding to run at planetary scale.
Key findings: 11% of particulate organic carbon arriving at the seafloor is returned to seawater as dissolved organic carbon; 24% is adsorbed onto minerals; and approximately half of all solid-phase organic carbon in the upper metre of sediments originates from dissolved carbon sorbed onto minerals. Unexpectedly, the simplest AI algorithms outperformed deep learning architectures, providing rare empirical support for Occam's Razor in AI model development. This framework can be integrated into global circulation models to improve climate predictions.
Source / 出典: Babakhani, P. & Sedighi, M., "Global cycling of dissolved organic carbon between seawater and sediments quantified using physics-based artificial intelligence," The Innovation (2026), online 2026年3月25日(University of Manchester 発表)
Coverage / 報道: myScience
Related keywords: seafloor carbon cycle, 海底炭素循環, physics-based AI, 物理ベースAI, dissolved organic carbon, 溶存有機炭素, marine sediment, 海洋堆積物, global carbon budget, 全球炭素収支, climate model, 気候モデル, Peyman Babakhani, Manchester, AI emulator, Occam's Razor, 機械学習, 地球科学
Researchers at the University of Houston's Texas Center for Superconductivity (TcSUH) have achieved a superconducting transition temperature (Tc) of 151 K (about −122 °C) under ambient pressure — the highest ever recorded at ambient pressure since the discovery of superconductivity in 1911. This breaks the previous record of 133 K held by the mercury-based cuprate Hg1223 since 1993, an increase of 18 K.
The breakthrough was achieved through pressure quenching: the material (Hg1223) is first subjected to intense pressure to enhance its superconducting properties, cooled to a specific temperature, then rapidly released from pressure — effectively "locking in" the enhanced state under normal conditions. The pressure-quenched phase is metastable: it survived for at least three days when held at 77 K, and its Tc degraded once the sample was warmed above 200 K. Five crystals (S1–S5) were measured, with retained ambient-pressure Tc values spanning 139–151 K; the record 151 K came from a quench at 18.9 GPa and 4.2 K. While room-temperature superconductivity remains approximately 140 °C away, this result demonstrates a new methodology that could be applied to other candidate materials. Published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Coverage / 報道: APS Physics | University of Houston | Phys.org | Tom's Hardware
Related keywords: superconductivity, 超伝導, high-temperature superconductor, 高温超伝導体, ambient pressure, 常圧, transition temperature, 転移温度, Hg1223, cuprate, 銅酸化物, pressure quenching, 圧力急冷, room-temperature superconductor, 室温超伝導体, Ching-Wu Chu, Liangzi Deng, University of Houston, TcSUH, YBCO, 超伝導記録, zero resistance, ゼロ抵抗, energy transmission, エネルギー伝送, BCS theory, Cooper pair, クーパー対
Astronomers have for the first time directly observed the birth of a magnetar — a highly magnetized, rapidly spinning neutron star — confirming it as the engine powering some of the universe's most luminous stellar explosions. The discovery was made through analysis of the superluminous supernova SN 2024afav, detected in December 2024 approximately one billion light-years from Earth. This event was at least 10 times brighter than typical supernovae and was monitored for over 200 days using 27 telescopes worldwide via the Las Cumbres Observatory (LCO) network.
The key evidence came from a distinctive "chirp" pattern in the supernova's light curve — four periodic oscillations with progressively shorter intervals. Lead researcher Joseph Farah (UC Santa Barbara / LCO) demonstrated that this pattern is explained by Lense-Thirring precession, a general relativistic effect where the spinning magnetar drags spacetime, causing a tilted accretion disk of fallback debris to wobble. As the disk spirals inward, the precession accelerates, producing the observed chirp. This marks the first time general relativity has been needed to describe the mechanics of a supernova.
The findings, published in Nature on March 11, 2026, confirm a theory proposed in 2010 by UC Berkeley astrophysicist Dan Kasen, who suggested magnetars could power superluminous supernovae. The estimated spin period of the newborn magnetar is 4.2 milliseconds, with a magnetic field approximately 300 trillion times that of Earth. This discovery opens a new window for testing general relativity in extreme environments and is directly relevant to the physics of neutron stars, quantum gravity, and fundamental physics.
Source / 出典: Farah, J. et al., "Lense–Thirring precessing magnetar engine drives a superluminous supernova," Nature (2026). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10151-0(2026年3月11日)
Coverage / 報道: UC Berkeley News | Scientific American | Popular Science | Space.com
Related keywords: Magnetar, マグネター, magnetar birth, マグネター誕生, neutron star, 中性子星, superluminous supernova, 超高輝度超新星, SN 2024afav, Lense-Thirring precession, レンス・ティリング歳差運動, general relativity, 一般相対性理論, accretion disk, 降着円盤, chirp signal, Las Cumbres Observatory, Joseph Farah, Dan Kasen, Alex Filippenko, magnetic field, 磁場, spacetime dragging, 時空の引きずり, core collapse, コア崩壊, pulsar, パルサー, fast radio burst, 高速電波バースト, Vera Rubin Observatory, SLSNe, Type I superluminous supernovae
Researchers at the University of Rochester and the Rochester Institute of Technology have built a "squeezed" phonon laser — a laser made of phonons (the quantized units of vibration or sound) rather than photons. By optically levitating a roughly 100-nanometer silica nanoparticle in vacuum and applying carefully timed parametric driving to its transverse oscillation modes, the team sharply reduced the intrinsic thermal noise that normally limits such systems. The work was published in Nature Communications on 30 March 2026.
Because the fluctuations are suppressed, the device can measure acceleration — and therefore gravity and other weak forces — more precisely than photon-based lasers or radio-frequency sources. The group, led by Nick Vamivakas, first demonstrated a phonon laser in 2019; the new advance is the "squeezing" that tames the noise. Potential applications include ultra-sensitive force sensing and "unjammable," satellite-free quantum navigation, sometimes described as a quantum compass.
Source / 出典: Zhang, K., Xiao, K., Bhattacharya, M. & Vamivakas, A. N., "A two-mode thermomechanically squeezed phonon laser," Nature Communications 17 (2026). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-70564-3(2026年3月30日)
Coverage / 報道: University of Rochester | Phys.org | EurekAlert!
Related keywords: phonon laser, フォノンレーザー, squeezed phonon laser, スクイーズドフォノンレーザー, optical levitation, 光浮揚, nanoparticle, ナノ粒子, gravimetry, 重力測定, quantum sensing, 量子センシング, quantum compass, 量子コンパス, thermal noise, 熱雑音, optomechanics, オプトメカニクス, University of Rochester, Nick Vamivakas, Nature Communications, navigation, ナビゲーション, GPS-free
At the 2026 Rencontres de Moriond conference, the CMS collaboration at CERN's Large Hadron Collider reported a new, statistically independent measurement consistent with "toponium" — a fleeting quasi-bound state of a top quark and its antiquark. An excess of events near the top–antitop production threshold reached a statistical significance above five standard deviations, the conventional threshold for a discovery in high-energy physics. If genuine, toponium is the most massive composite particle ever observed, heavier even than the heaviest known atomic nucleus.
The top quark was long believed to decay far too quickly to form bound states, but in 2024 CMS first reported a threshold excess in dilepton events, and ATLAS subsequently corroborated the effect. This new CMS result uses a different decay channel — one top quark decaying to a lepton, a neutrino and a bottom quark, the other to jets — providing an independent confirmation and deepening understanding of how the strong nuclear force can momentarily bind even the heaviest quarks.
Source / 出典: CERN, "CMS strengthens the case for toponium" (Rencontres de Moriond 2026)(2026年3月25日)※Moriond会議での速報であり、本項執筆時点で査読論文(DOI付き)は未刊行。CMS Physics Analysis Summary を参照されたい。
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | CERN Courier
Related keywords: toponium, トポニウム, top quark, トップクォーク, antitop quark, 反トップクォーク, bound state, 束縛状態, quarkonium, クォーコニウム, strong force, 強い相互作用, QCD, 量子色力学, CMS, LHC, CERN, Moriond, 5 sigma, 5σ, threshold enhancement, しきい値増強, Otto Hindrichs, composite particle, 複合粒子
On 24 March 2026, CERN's BASE collaboration achieved the first controlled, reversible transport of antimatter. A cloud of 92 antiprotons was held in a portable cryogenic Penning trap called BASE-STEP (about one tonne), disconnected from the Antimatter Factory, loaded onto a truck, and driven on a test loop around CERN's Meyrin site — after which the experiment resumed operation. Antimatter is notoriously hard to preserve because it annihilates instantly on contact with ordinary matter.
BASE's ultra-precise measurements of antiproton properties, which probe the matter–antimatter symmetry known as CPT symmetry, are limited by magnetic-field noise near the Antimatter Factory. Being able to move trapped antiprotons to quieter, dedicated laboratories — such as a planned facility at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf — could improve precision by orders of magnitude. The team validated the concept with ordinary protons in 2025; this is the first time it has worked with antimatter, marking what the collaboration calls the start of a new era.
Source / 出典: CERN press release, "BASE experiment at CERN succeeds in transporting antimatter"(2026年3月24日)/解説記事: Nature 652, 15–16 (2026). DOI: 10.1038/d41586-026-00950-w(※本件は実験マイルストーンであり、査読論文としての一次文献は未発表)
Coverage / 報道: CERN Courier | Physics World | ScienceAlert
Related keywords: antimatter, 反物質, antiproton, 反陽子, BASE, BASE-STEP, Penning trap, ペニングトラップ, CPT symmetry, CPT対称性, matter-antimatter asymmetry, 物質反物質非対称性, CERN, Antimatter Factory, 反物質ファクトリー, Christian Smorra, Stefan Ulmer, portable trap, 可搬トラップ, cryogenic, 極低温, superconducting magnet, 超伝導磁石
In a paper published in Nature Communications on 20 March 2026, CERN's ALICE collaboration reported a common flow pattern across proton–proton, proton–lead and lead–lead collisions at the LHC. The key signature is anisotropic flow — particles being emitted preferentially in certain directions rather than uniformly — which in heavy-ion collisions is interpreted as evidence for the quark–gluon plasma (QGP), the hot, dense state of deconfined quarks and gluons that filled the universe in the first microseconds after the Big Bang.
Crucially, baryons (made of three quarks) showed stronger flow than mesons (two quarks) at intermediate momenta — the same coalescence behaviour seen in large heavy-ion systems, in which quark-level flow is followed by quarks combining into hadrons. Models including both quark flow and coalescence reproduced the data, while those omitting either failed. The result strengthens the case that QGP-like collective behaviour can emerge even in small collision systems, suggesting the size of the colliding system may not be the limiting factor for forming QGP.
Source / 出典: ALICE Collaboration (Acharya, S. et al.), "Observation of partonic flow in proton–proton and proton–nucleus collisions," Nature Communications 17, 2585 (2026). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-67795-1 / arXiv:2411.09323(CERN発表: 2026年3月20日)
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org
Related keywords: quark-gluon plasma, クォーク・グルーオンプラズマ, QGP, ALICE, LHC, CERN, anisotropic flow, 異方性フロー, small collision systems, 小衝突系, proton-proton, 陽子陽子衝突, proton-lead, 陽子鉛衝突, baryon, バリオン, meson, メソン, quark coalescence, クォーク再結合, Big Bang, ビッグバン, heavy-ion physics, 重イオン物理学, collectivity, 集団性
At the 2026 Moriond conference, CERN's ATLAS collaboration presented new searches for supersymmetric (SUSY) particles using the full Run 2 dataset (2015–2018) and machine-learning techniques. Supersymmetry posits a "superpartner" for every Standard Model particle and could help explain the surprisingly small mass of the Higgs boson and the nature of dark matter — the lightest neutralino is a leading dark-matter candidate.
One search hunted for a "disappearing track" left by a chargino that decays into an invisible neutralino plus a hard-to-detect low-energy pion; another looked for heavier neutralinos decaying into the lightest stable neutralino and two low-momentum leptons. Neural networks were used to push sensitivity deep into difficult low-momentum regions. No SUSY particles were observed, but the searches set some of the most stringent limits to date on the masses and lifetimes of charginos and neutralinos, superseding longstanding previous bounds.
Source / 出典: CERN, "ATLAS sets strong limits on supersymmetry" (Rencontres de Moriond 2026)(2026年3月)※Moriond会議での発表であり、本項執筆時点で査読論文(DOI付き)は未刊行。ATLAS CONF Note を参照されたい。
Coverage / 報道: ATLAS Collaboration
Related keywords: supersymmetry, 超対称性, SUSY, chargino, チャージーノ, neutralino, ニュートラリーノ, higgsino, ヒッグシーノ, dark matter, 暗黒物質, disappearing track, 消失飛跡, machine learning, 機械学習, neural network, ニューラルネットワーク, ATLAS, LHC, CERN, Moriond, Standard Model, 標準模型, Higgs boson, ヒッグス粒子
The LHCb collaboration at CERN announced the first observation of the doubly charmed baryon Ξcc⁺ — a particle composed of two charm quarks and one down quark (ccd). It was seen decaying to the Λc⁺K⁻π⁺ final state with a statistical significance exceeding seven standard deviations, using proton–proton collision data collected in 2024 during LHC Run 3. Its mass is measured at about 3620 MeV/c², roughly four times the mass of a proton, which is why it is sometimes described as a heavy "proton-like" particle.
Ξcc⁺ is the isospin partner of Ξcc⁺⁺ (ccu), discovered by LHCb in 2017; an older SELEX claim for Ξcc⁺ at a different mass had never been confirmed. Observing both members of the doublet turns doubly charmed baryons into a precision laboratory for the strong interaction, allowing their masses and lifetimes to be compared against lattice-QCD and heavy-quark-expansion predictions. It is also the first new particle identified with the upgraded Run 3 LHCb detector.
Source / 出典: LHCb Collaboration, "Observation of the Doubly Charmed Baryon Ξcc⁺ with the LHCb Run 3 Detector," Phys. Rev. Lett. (2026). DOI: 10.1103/dmv6-7gdv / arXiv:2603.28456(2026年3月17日)
Coverage / 報道: LHCb Outreach | CERN EP News
Related keywords: doubly charmed baryon, 二重チャームバリオン, Xi_cc+, Ξcc⁺, charm quark, チャームクォーク, down quark, ダウンクォーク, LHCb, LHC Run 3, CERN, isospin doublet, アイソスピン二重項, QCD, lattice QCD, 格子QCD, heavy-quark expansion, 重クォーク展開, strong interaction, 強い相互作用, hadron spectroscopy, ハドロン分光学, Lambda_c
The SLAC-led SuperCDMS SNOLAB experiment announced that its detectors have been cooled to their base operating temperature — just tens of millikelvins, thousandths of a degree above absolute zero, and roughly 100 times colder than deep space — the condition required for its superconducting sensors to function. The experiment sits about 2 km underground in an active nickel mine near Sudbury, Canada, where the rock shields it from cosmic rays that could mimic dark-matter signals.
Using silicon and germanium crystals, SuperCDMS is designed to detect "light" (low-mass) dark matter particles, whose extremely weak interactions have so far evaded direct detection. With base temperature reached, the international collaboration of 24 institutions is now commissioning and calibrating its detectors, ahead of beginning its first science run later in 2026.
Source / 出典: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, "SuperCDMS SNOLAB cools down to near absolute zero…"(2026年3月17日)※実験施設の運転開始マイルストーンであり、物理結果の論文ではない。
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | Northwestern University
Related keywords: dark matter, 暗黒物質, light dark matter, 軽い暗黒物質, SuperCDMS, SNOLAB, cryogenic detector, 極低温検出器, millikelvin, ミリケルビン, superconducting sensor, 超伝導センサー, germanium, ゲルマニウム, silicon, シリコン, SLAC, direct detection, 直接検出, WIMP, underground laboratory, 地下実験室, dilution refrigerator, 希釈冷凍機
Physicists at New York University demonstrated a classical time crystal built from millimetre-scale polystyrene (styrofoam) beads levitated in an acoustic standing wave — a tabletop "acoustic levitator" operating at 40 kHz. The trapped beads interact by scattering sound waves at one another; because beads of slightly different sizes scatter differently, these wave-mediated interactions are non-reciprocal — they break Newton's third law, which states that forces come in equal and opposite pairs.
This non-reciprocity lets even a minimal two-bead system harvest energy from the standing wave and settle into spontaneous, sustained oscillations without any periodic driving — a hallmark of a time crystal, which spontaneously breaks time-translation symmetry. The work was published in Physical Review Letters (6 February 2026) and highlighted in NYU's announcement on 16 March 2026, providing an unusually simple, hold-in-your-hand, macroscopic platform for studying non-reciprocal interactions.
Source / 出典: Morrell, M. C., Elliott, L. & Grier, D. G., "Nonreciprocal Wave-Mediated Interactions Power a Classical Time Crystal," Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 057201 (2026). DOI: 10.1103/zjzk-t81n(論文2026年2月6日/NYU発表2026年3月16日)
Coverage / 報道: NYU | Sci.News | ScienceAlert
Related keywords: time crystal, 時間結晶, classical time crystal, 古典時間結晶, acoustic levitation, 音響浮揚, non-reciprocal interaction, 非相反相互作用, Newton's third law, ニュートンの第三法則, standing wave, 定在波, spatiotemporal symmetry breaking, 時空対称性の破れ, NYU, David Grier, Mia Morrell, soft matter, ソフトマター, non-equilibrium physics, 非平衡物理学, emergent activity, 創発的能動性
An international team from IBM Research, the University of Oxford, the University of Manchester, ETH Zurich, EPFL and the University of Regensburg created and characterized C13Cl2 — a 13-carbon ring bearing two chlorine atoms — the first molecule to exhibit a "half-Möbius" electronic topology. In this topology the π-orbital basis twists by 90° on each loop around the ring and only becomes periodic after four full circuits, distinct from both ordinary (untwisted) and conventional Möbius (180°-twisted) systems. Published in Science on 5 March 2026, the molecule was assembled atom by atom with a scanning probe microscope on a thin salt layer near absolute zero.
Because the molecule has strong electron correlations and pronounced multireference character, the standard workhorse of computational chemistry — density functional theory (DFT) — proved unreliable for it. The team therefore ran the electronic-structure calculation on an IBM Heron quantum processor, one of the most concrete real-world chemistry applications of quantum hardware to date, confirming the exotic topology. Voltage pulses from the microscope tip can switch the molecule between left- and right-handed half-Möbius states and a topologically trivial planar form.
Source / 出典: Rončević, I., Paschke, F., Gao, Y., Lieske, L.-A. et al. (Gross, L.), "A molecule with half-Möbius topology," Science (2026). DOI: 10.1126/science.aea3321 / arXiv:2507.03516(IBM Research / University of Manchester 発表: 2026年3月5日)
Coverage / 報道: Chemistry World | IBM Newsroom
Related keywords: half-Möbius, ハーフメビウス, Möbius aromaticity, メビウス芳香族性, C13Cl2, molecular topology, 分子トポロジー, electronic structure, 電子構造, quantum computer, 量子コンピュータ, IBM Heron, scanning probe microscopy, 走査型プローブ顕微鏡, DFT, 密度汎関数理論, multireference, 多参照, Berry phase, ベリー位相, quantum chemistry, 量子化学, pseudo-Jahn-Teller, 擬ヤーン・テラー効果
A team led by physicists at The University of Texas at Austin (Edoardo Baldini) experimentally realized, for the first time, the full sequence of phases of the two-dimensional six-state clock model — a paradigmatic theory of 2D magnetism proposed in the 1970s — in an atomically thin sheet of nickel phosphorus trisulfide (NiPS3). Reported in Nature Materials in early March 2026, the work shows long-range magnetic order surviving in a genuinely two-dimensional magnet despite the thermal fluctuations that usually destroy it.
Cooling the single-atom-thick sheet drove it into a Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT) phase, in which the atoms' magnetic orientations form swirling vortex patterns; further cooling locked the magnetic moments into one of six clock-like directions (the six-state clock ordered phase). Both transitions had been observed separately before, but never together as a complete sequence in a single system. The result establishes atomically thin magnets as a platform for studying topological phase transitions, with potential relevance to future ultracompact nanoscale technologies.
Source / 出典: Gao, F. Y. et al., "Six-state clock physics in an atomically thin antiferromagnet," Nature Materials (2026). DOI: 10.1038/s41563-026-02516-7(2026年3月)
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | Physics World | UT Austin
Related keywords: 2D magnetism, 二次元磁性, BKT transition, BKT転移, Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless, six-state clock model, 六状態クロックモデル, magnetic vortex, 磁気渦, NiPS3, atomically thin, 原子層, topological phase transition, トポロジカル相転移, van der Waals magnet, ファンデルワールス磁性体, UT Austin, Edoardo Baldini, Nature Materials, nanoscale, ナノスケール, spin texture, スピンテクスチャー
Researchers from the University of Birmingham, the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and the Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics report the first robust evidence that a neutron star and a black hole spiralled together on a noticeably oval (eccentric) orbit rather than the near-perfect circle expected just before merger. Re-analyzing the gravitational-wave event GW200105 — the first confidently confirmed neutron star–black hole (NSBH) merger — the team used a new post-Newtonian waveform model (pyEFPE) that, for the first time, measures orbital eccentricity and spin precession jointly in such a binary.
Standard theory predicts that NSBH pairs lose any eccentricity and circularize long before they merge, so a residual oval orbit is something never seen before in this kind of collision. The result implies that the system did not form quietly as an isolated pair, but more likely in a dense, dynamically active environment where many stars interact gravitationally. It suggests that current formation models are incomplete and that more sophisticated waveform models — capturing eccentricity together with spin effects — are needed to read the growing catalogue of gravitational-wave detections correctly. The study was published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org
Related keywords: GW200105, orbital eccentricity, 軌道離心率, eccentric orbit, 楕円軌道, neutron star–black hole merger, 中性子星ブラックホール合体, NSBH, gravitational waves, 重力波, spin precession, スピン歳差, waveform model, 波形モデル, pyEFPE, LIGO, Virgo, dynamical formation, 力学的形成, University of Birmingham, Max Planck Institute, Patricia Schmidt, Gonzalo Morras, Astrophysical Journal Letters
In 2023 the KM3NeT collaboration detected KM3-230213A, a neutrino with an estimated energy of about 220 PeV (>100 PeV) — by far the most energetic neutrino ever observed, more than an order of magnitude above anything in IceCube's catalogue (originally reported in Nature, 2025). The puzzle is that IceCube, with its longer data-taking period and larger effective area, should arguably have seen comparable events but did not, a tension quantified at roughly 2σ–3.5σ depending on the assumed source.
In a new study, Vedran Brdar and Dibya S. Chattopadhyay (Oklahoma State University) examine which beyond-the-Standard-Model (BSM) scenarios could resolve this KM3NeT–IceCube tension. Because the KM3NeT event traversed roughly 147 km of rock and sea before detection, whereas a same-direction neutrino at IceCube would pass through only about 14 km of ice, mechanisms that alter how neutrinos propagate or interact over different path lengths — rather than the astrophysical source alone — become attractive explanations. The work, published in Physical Review Letters, lays out concrete BSM possibilities and how future observations could test them, while standard astrophysical explanations remain on the table.
Source / 出典: Brdar, V. & Chattopadhyay, D. S., "Does the 220 PeV Event at KM3NeT Point to New Physics?," Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 081001 (2026). DOI: 10.1103/xcnt-trs2(PRL掲載は2026年2月23日/報道は3月)
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | Nature (original KM3NeT detection)
Related keywords: KM3NeT, KM3-230213A, ultra-high-energy neutrino, 超高エネルギーニュートリノ, 220 PeV, IceCube, beyond Standard Model, 標準模型を超える物理, BSM, new physics, 新物理, neutrino telescope, ニュートリノ望遠鏡, astroparticle physics, 宇宙素粒子物理学, ARCA, Mediterranean, Vedran Brdar, Dibya Chattopadhyay, Physical Review Letters
A team at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (Grainger College of Engineering) showed, through simulations, that the spin waves — collective excitations called magnons — in a suitably engineered two-dimensional magnetic film can reproduce a graphene-like band structure. They studied a thin film that is uniformly magnetized out of plane and patterned with a hexagonal array of holes. The resulting magnonic band structure imitates that of graphene, but additionally carries some kagome-like character and a few flat bands, and can be captured by a nine-band tight-binding model.
Because magnons are charge-neutral and the lattice can be patterned freely, this analogue offers an unusually tunable platform for Dirac-like and topological physics. The authors describe band-gap engineering in 2D, topological magnon channels along one-dimensional phase boundaries, spectrally isolated modes at point (0D) defects, and a magnonic analogue of the quantum valley-Hall insulator. A key motivation is that such features normally appear only at hard-to-probe high frequencies in real 2D materials, so mapping them onto an engineered magnonic crystal brings them to more experimentally accessible scales. The work was published in Physical Review X.
Source / 出典: Kaman, B., Lim, J., Liu, Y. & Hoffmann, A., "Emulating 2D Materials with Magnons," Phys. Rev. X 16, 011034 (2026). DOI: 10.1103/t7tm-nxyl(2026年2月24日掲載/報道は3月)
Coverage / 報道: ScienceDaily | Phys.org
Related keywords: magnon, マグノン, spin wave, スピン波, magnonic crystal, マグノニック結晶, Dirac points, ディラック点, graphene analogue, グラフェン・アナログ, kagome lattice, カゴメ格子, flat band, フラットバンド, topological magnon, トポロジカルマグノン, valley-Hall, バレーホール, tight-binding model, タイトバインディング模型, simulation, シミュレーション, 2D magnetism, 二次元磁性, Physical Review X, University of Illinois, Axel Hoffmann
A major obstacle to scaling superconducting quantum computers is wiring: each qubit usually needs its own control line running from room-temperature electronics down to the qubits at millikelvin temperatures, so the number of wires grows with the number of qubits. Researchers at Seeqc Inc. (Shu-Jen Han and colleagues) tackled this by integrating the qubits and their single-flux-quantum (SFQ) digital control electronics into a single multi-chip module joined by flip-chip bonding, so that the control logic and the qubits share the same cryogenic stage.
Their system uses digital demultiplexing to distribute control pulses to several qubits, breaking the usual one-line-per-qubit scaling. Despite the much-reduced wiring, the processor achieved single-qubit gate fidelities above 99% (up to 99.9%) with no measurable degradation in qubit performance. By moving control into the cold environment and multiplexing the signals, the approach cuts wiring complexity and thermal load — a step toward chip-based, data-center-scale superconducting quantum computers. The results were published in Nature Electronics.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org
Related keywords: superconducting quantum computer, 超伝導量子コンピュータ, single-flux quantum, 単一磁束量子, SFQ, cryogenic control, 極低温制御, flip-chip bonding, フリップチップ接合, qubit wiring, 量子ビット配線, scalability, スケーラビリティ, gate fidelity, ゲート忠実度, millikelvin, ミリケルビン, Seeqc, Nature Electronics, demultiplexing, デマルチプレクサ
An international team led by Dmitri Efetov at LMU München (with Princeton, Peking University, the University of Florida and others) used an upgraded Quantum Twisting Microscope (QTM) to directly observe how electrons subtly interact with each other in graphene — and, for the first time, did so at room temperature. The QTM performs energy- and momentum-resolved tunneling spectroscopy between two atomically thin layers at a controllable twist angle; here the team boosted its resolution by adding a hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) tunneling layer.
This let them detect tiny deviations from graphene's ideal linear (Dirac) energy spectrum — a logarithmic correction arising from electron–electron interactions, corresponding to a fine-structure constant of about α ≈ 0.32. What makes the result striking is that these delicate quantum corrections were resolved at room temperature, a regime where thermal noise usually washes them out, confirming a decades-old theoretical prediction and showcasing the QTM's extraordinary sensitivity for probing strongly correlated 2D materials. The study appeared in Nano Letters.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | Graphene-Info
Related keywords: quantum twisting microscope, 量子ツイスト顕微鏡, QTM, graphene, グラフェン, electron-electron interactions, 電子間相互作用, Dirac dispersion, ディラック分散, fine-structure constant, 微細構造定数, room temperature, 室温, tunneling spectroscopy, トンネル分光, hexagonal boron nitride, 六方晶窒化ホウ素, hBN, moiré materials, モアレ材料, LMU München, Dmitri Efetov, Nano Letters, 2D materials, 二次元材料
Cosmologists at the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Sun Yat-Sen University (Zhuoming Zhang, Tengpeng Xu and Yun Chen) carried out a Bayesian comparison of five cosmological models, combining the latest DESI DR2 baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data with Pantheon+ Type Ia supernovae and cosmic microwave background data from Planck and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). Their goal was to probe two of cosmology's deepest puzzles at once: whether dark energy is truly constant, and the persistent "Hubble tension" — the mismatch between early- and late-universe measurements of the cosmic expansion rate.
They report three key findings. First, the Hubble constant inferred from the combined data consistently lines up with early-universe values across all models, so the Hubble tension persists. Second, there is compelling evidence that dark energy is dynamical rather than a fixed cosmological constant: early-universe (CMB) constraints favour a "phantom" equation of state (w < −1) while late-universe (BAO/SNIa) data prefer quintessence (w > −1), implying a crossing of the w = −1 line. Third, the full data set hints at a late-time interaction between dark energy and matter. Together these results challenge the cosmological-constant (ΛCDM) paradigm and suggest corrections may be needed. The study was published in The Astrophysical Journal.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org
Related keywords: dark energy, ダークエネルギー, dynamical dark energy, ダイナミカルダークエネルギー, Hubble tension, ハッブルテンション, ΛCDM, cosmological constant, 宇宙定数, DESI, BAO, バリオン音響振動, Pantheon+, supernovae, 超新星, CMB, 宇宙マイクロ波背景放射, Planck, ACT, phantom crossing, ファントム交差, quintessence, クインテッセンス, equation of state, 状態方程式, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yun Chen, Astrophysical Journal
The LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA (LVK) Collaboration released its Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 4.0 (GWTC-4.0), documented across a dedicated collection of papers in The Astrophysical Journal Letters (the introductory paper appeared in ApJL vol. 995 in December 2025), with the collaboration announcing the full catalog in a coordinated release on March 5, 2026. The catalog adds 128 new gravitational-wave candidates detected during the first portion of the fourth observing run (O4a, May 2023–January 2024) — more than doubling the size of the previous catalog, which held 90 candidates compiled from all three earlier runs. The dramatic increase reflects improved detector sensitivity and more powerful analysis techniques, with upgraded LIGO detectors now able to detect binary neutron star mergers as far as ~360 megaparsecs (about 1 billion light-years) away.
The new detections reveal a striking variety of black hole binaries: the catalog includes the heaviest binary detected to date (GW231123_135430, with each black hole roughly 130 times the mass of the Sun — masses that hint at a possible second-generation origin), a binary with the highest recorded inspiral spin (GW231028_153006, both black holes spinning at about 40% the speed of light), and an unusually lopsided binary whose two black holes have markedly unequal masses. The catalog also holds two black hole–neutron star mergers. Using the full catalog, scientists further constrained the Hubble constant (the universe's present-day expansion rate), and continued to find that Einstein's general relativity passes stringent tests — even against GW230814_230901, one of the "loudest" signals recorded to date, which the surprisingly clear waveform pushed to its limits.
Coverage / 報道: MIT News | Caltech | LIGO Lab
Related keywords: gravitational waves, 重力波, GWTC-4.0, gravitational-wave transient catalog, 重力波トランジェントカタログ, LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA, LVK, black hole merger, ブラックホール合体, binary black hole, 連星ブラックホール, neutron star, 中性子星, GW231123, GW231028, GW230814, Hubble constant, ハッブル定数, general relativity, 一般相対性理論, black hole spin, ブラックホールスピン, O4 observing run, 第4観測ラン, Astrophysical Journal Letters, Nergis Mavalvala, multi-messenger astronomy
Astronomers with the RedDots collaboration have confirmed a super-Earth, GJ 887 d, orbiting in the habitable zone of the bright red dwarf star GJ 887, just 10.7 light-years from the Sun. Published in Astronomy & Astrophysics, the study reanalyzed the system using 101 new radial-velocity measurements from the HARPS spectrograph at La Silla and 12 ultra-precise measurements from ESPRESSO on the Very Large Telescope, both in Chile. A previously suspected but unconfirmed 50-day signal is now firmly established as a planet: GJ 887 d orbits every 50.8 days with a minimum mass of about six times Earth's, placing it within the star's habitable zone. This makes it the second-nearest known habitable-zone exoplanet, after Proxima Centauri b.
The team confirmed a total of four planets around GJ 887 — the two previously known worlds (periods of 9.3 and 21.8 days), plus GJ 887 d and a newly found Earth-mass planet, GJ 887 e, that orbits every 4.4 days (too close to be habitable). Because the planet was detected only by radial velocity, its radius — and hence whether it is rocky, a water world, or a puffy sub-Neptune — is not yet known. GJ 887 is unusually bright and magnetically quiet for its type, making GJ 887 d a prime target for future atmospheric characterization by missions such as the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) and LIFE.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | Astronomy
Related keywords: exoplanet, 系外惑星, super-Earth, スーパーアース, GJ 887 d, GJ 887, habitable zone, 居住可能帯, ハビタブルゾーン, red dwarf, 赤色矮星, M dwarf, radial velocity, 視線速度法, HARPS, ESPRESSO, Very Large Telescope, RedDots, Proxima Centauri b, Habitable Worlds Observatory, HWO, LIFE mission, Astronomy and Astrophysics, biosignature, バイオシグネチャー
Researchers Joel Kronborg and Johan Hoffman at Stockholm's KTH Royal Institute of Technology have used computer simulations to revisit a century-old question: how does turbulence first develop? Published in Scientific Reports, their study found that very small vortices can organize themselves into progressively larger swirls of flow — the opposite of the traditional "forward cascade" picture that has dominated for 100 years, in which large eddies break down into smaller and smaller ones until energy is dissipated by viscosity. In their simulations, small vortices arranged themselves into a distinctive zig-zag pattern before merging into larger structures, supported by an inverse transfer of energy from small to large scales.
Crucially, the researchers stress this does not overturn the classical cascade — the two mechanisms can coexist. In fact, the new process begins with a forward step: energy first moves from big vortices down to the finest possible scale, before the transfer reverses and flows from small to large. The finding could eventually influence fields where vortex dynamics matter, from the aerodynamic performance of aircraft and vehicles (with potential gains in safety and fuel efficiency) to the design of mechanical heart valves and the planning of clinical interventions for heart valve disease — an application drawn directly from the team's own biomedical research.
Coverage / 報道: Phys.org | PubMed
Related keywords: turbulence, 乱流, vortex, 渦, energy cascade, エネルギーカスケード, inverse cascade, 逆カスケード, forward cascade, 順カスケード, zig-zag pattern, ジグザグパターン, fluid dynamics, 流体力学, Kolmogorov, コルモゴロフ, energy spectrum, エネルギースペクトル, viscosity, 粘性, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Joel Kronborg, Johan Hoffman, aerodynamics, 空力, heart valve, 心臓弁, Scientific Reports
Astronomers at the University of Washington have collected rare evidence of what appears to be a catastrophic collision between two planets, around the star Gaia20ehk roughly 11,000 light-years away in the constellation Puppis. Published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, the discovery began when doctoral candidate Anastasios (Andy) Tzanidakis, combing through archived telescope data from 2020, noticed that this otherwise ordinary Sun-like main-sequence star had started behaving strangely: after three brief dips in brightness beginning in 2016, its light output "went completely bonkers" around 2021. Stars like our Sun simply do not do that.
The key clue came from switching to infrared observations: as the star's visible light flickered and dimmed, its infrared brightness spiked — implying the material blocking the star was extremely hot, glowing in the infrared. A violent planetary collision would generate exactly that heat, while the earlier dips could reflect two planets spiraling ever closer in a series of grazing impacts before their final catastrophic smash-up. The debris cloud now orbits Gaia20ehk at roughly one astronomical unit — the same distance as Earth from the Sun — and bears striking similarities to the giant impact thought to have formed Earth's Moon 4.5 billion years ago. The material could eventually cool and coalesce into something resembling the Earth–Moon system. With only a handful of planetary collisions ever recorded, the team hopes the upcoming Vera C. Rubin Observatory could uncover as many as 100 such impacts over the next decade.
Coverage / 報道: University of Washington | ScienceDaily | Space.com
Related keywords: planetary collision, 惑星衝突, Gaia20ehk, exoplanet, 系外惑星, debris cloud, デブリ雲, infrared excess, 赤外線超過, main-sequence star, 主系列星, giant impact, 巨大衝突, Moon formation, 月形成, Theia, テイア, light curve, 光度曲線, University of Washington, Anastasios Tzanidakis, James Davenport, Vera Rubin Observatory, ヴェラ・ルービン天文台, Astrophysical Journal Letters, planet formation, 惑星形成
Astronomers led by the Carl Sagan Institute at Cornell University have compiled the first systematic catalogue of rocky exoplanets in the habitable zone, singling out 45 worlds — out of more than 6,000 known exoplanets — as the most promising targets in the search for life. Published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, the study combined updated stellar measurements from the European Space Agency's Gaia mission with the NASA Exoplanet Archive to refine what is known about thousands of planets and their host stars. The approach uses our own Solar System as a benchmark: the team searched for planets receiving stellar energy between what Venus and Mars get, on the reasoning that Earth is habitable while Venus and Mars are not.
All 45 highlighted planets sit in the habitable zone — the orbital band where surface temperatures could allow liquid water — and a stricter subset of 24 falls within a more conservative "3D" habitable zone. The list includes well-known names such as Proxima Centauri b, several planets in the TRAPPIST-1 system (d, e, f, and g, about 40 light-years away), Kepler-186f, and LHS 1140 b. The catalogue also deliberately includes planets on highly elliptical orbits — such as TOI-700 e and K2-3 d — to probe a key open question: whether a world must remain continuously in the habitable zone, or can move in and out while still supporting life. Arriving as a new generation of telescopes (including the James Webb Space Telescope) comes online, the catalogue is designed as a strategic roadmap to focus limited observing time on the worlds most likely to reveal biosignatures.
Coverage / 報道: SciTechDaily | EarthSky | Space.com
Related keywords: exoplanet, 系外惑星, habitable zone, 居住可能帯, ハビタブルゾーン, rocky planet, 岩石惑星, biosignature, バイオシグネチャー, Carl Sagan Institute, Cornell University, Lisa Kaltenegger, Gaia, NASA Exoplanet Archive, TRAPPIST-1, Proxima Centauri b, Kepler-186f, LHS 1140 b, TOI-700 e, K2-3 d, James Webb Space Telescope, ジェイムズ・ウェッブ宇宙望遠鏡, astrobiology, アストロバイオロジー, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Project Hail Mary
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